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Schmerz und Schmerzhemmung

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Evidenzbasierte Elektrotherapie

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Zusammenfassung

In diesem Kapitel wird auf verschiedene Aspekte von Schmerz und der Schmerzhemmung eingegangen. Hemmungsmechanismen werden erklärt und Konsequenzen für die Therapie werden erörtert. Es wird auf die Stressreaktion eingegangen, da die Ausrichtung des vegetativen Nervensystems die Wahl einer Therapieanwendung beeinflusst. Nur wenn der behandelnde Therapeut selbst über ein Grundverständnis dieser Materie verfügt, kann er dies seinen Patienten glaubwürdig und auf angemessene Weise vermitteln. Der Großteil unserer Patienten kommt zu uns wegen Schmerzen. Wir wissen, dass für den Patienten Information über deren Hauptproblem von größter Bedeutung ist. Dies gilt ganz besonders für Patienten mit chronischen Schmerzen. Wir wissen auch, dass Information, falls diese wie allgemein üblich über anatomische und biomechanische Aspekte vermittelt wird, eher beschränkt wirksam ist. Diese Art von Information wird heutzutage assoziiert mit der Entwicklung von Angstverhalten, Katastrophisierung und falschen Vorstellungen über die dem Schmerz zugrundeliegende Problematik (Louw A, Diener I, Butler DS, Puentedura EJ (2011) The effect of neuroscience education on pain, disability, anxiety, and stress in chronic musculoskeletal pain. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 92:2041–2056; Sloan TJ, Walsh DA (2010) Explanatory and diagnostic labels and perceived prognosis in chronic low back pain. Spine 35(21):1120–1125; Louw A, Zimney K, O’Hotto C, Hilton S (2016) The clinical application of teaching people about pain. Physiother Theory Pract 5:385–395). Deshalb wird auch auf die sog. Pain Neuroscience Education eingegangen.

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Change history

  • 01 January 2022

    Es wurden inhaltliche Korrekturen zu diesem Kapitel vorgenommen

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  1. Medicine and Public Health, Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, Pleudaniel, Bretagne, Frankreich

    Pieter van Kerkhof

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van Kerkhof, P. (2022). Schmerz und Schmerzhemmung. In: Evidenzbasierte Elektrotherapie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63536-0_2

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