Abstract
The laser is the only tool that can address all six main manufacturing groups of the German standard DIN 8580 simply by applying different processing parameters. Given the present state of technology, however, different dedicated machine concepts are still being used for the respective applications. To enable digital manufacturing in its full consistency, novel, fully reconfigurable machines need to be developed. We therefore outline the further developments that are required to combine all presently known laser-based manufacturing processes on one and the same machine. As both the laser devices and the knowledge about the fundamentals of laser materials processing are already very advanced, research must now be intensified on system engineering. The vision is an intelligent machine, which is fed with CAD data, semi-finished products, or sub-components and that is capable to autonomously produce the desired components with a 100% quality guarantee at a batch size of 1 – “first time right” – and at the costs of comparable mass-produced items. The machine independently selects the best production strategy, i.e. the best combination and sequence of different manufacturing processes. Such a fully flexible and autonomous laser machine will not only boost the implementation of digital manufacturing on a broad scale and provide an approach to resolve the “polylemma of production” but will also enable the relocalization of value creation and manufacturing back into high-wage countries and by this potentially disrupt today’s globalized value creating networks.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Koren, Y., Shpitalni, M.: Design of reconfigurable manufacturing systems. J Manuf. Syst. 29(4), 130–141 (2010)
Forschungsunion (forschungsunion.de) and acatech: Recommendations for implementing the strategic initiative INDUSTRIE 4.0. April 2013. https://forschungsunion.de/pdf/industrie_4_0_final_report.pdf
Cohen, Y. Faccio, M., Pilati, F., Yao, X.: Design and management of digital manufacturing and assembly system in the Industry 4.0 era. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 105, 3565–3577 (2019)
Schuh, G., Klocke, F., Brecher, C., Schmitt, R.: Excellence in Production, p. 31–51, Apprimus, Aachen (2007)
Moriwaki, T.: Multi-functional machine tool. CIRP Ann. Manuf. Technol. 57, 736–749 (2008)
Lauwers, B., Klocke, F., Klink, A., Tekkaya, A.E., Neugebauer, R., Mcintosh, D.: Hybrid processes in manufacturing. CIRP Ann. Manuf. Technol. 63, 561–583 (2014)
Flynn, J.M., Shokrani, A., Newman, S.T., Dhokia, V: Hybrid additive and subtractive machine tools – Research and industrial developments. Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf 101, 79–101 (2016)
DIN 8580:2003–09, Fertigungsverfahren - Begriffe, Einteilung
Hügel, H., Graf, T.: Laser in der Fertigung, 3rd edn. Springer, Wiesbaden (2014)
Graf, T., Berger, P., Weber, R., Hügel, H., Heider, A., Stritt, P.: Analytical Expressions for the Threshold of Deep-Penetration Laser Welding. Laser Phys. Lett. 12(5), 056002 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1088/1612-2011/12/5/056002
Negel, J.-P., Löscher, A., Voss, A., Bauer, D., Sutter, D., Killi, A., Abdou Ahmed, M., and Graf, T.: Ultrafast thin-disk multipass laser amplifier delivering 1.4 kW (4.7 mJ, 1030 nm) average power converted to 820 W at 515 nm and 234 W at 343 nm. Opt. Express 23 (16), 21064–21077 (August 2015). DOI:https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.23.021064.
Müller, M., Klenke, A., Steinkopff, A., Stark, H., Tünnermann, A., Limpert, J.: 3.5 kW coherently combined ultrafast fiber laser. Opt. Lett. 43 (24), 6037–6040 (2018). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.43.006037.
Freitag, C., Wiedenmann, M., Negel, J. P., Loescher, A., Onuseit, V., Weber, R., Abdou Ahmed, M, and Graf, T.: High-quality processing of CFRP with a 1.1-kW picosecond laser. Appl. Phys. A, 119(4), 1237–1243 (2015). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-015-9159-3.
Hagenlocher, C., Fetzer, F., Weber, R., Graf, T.: Benefits of very high feed rates for laser beam welding of AlMgSi aluminum alloys. J. Laser Appl. 30(1), 012015 (2018). https://doi.org/10.2351/1.5003795
Weber, R., Graf, T., Berger, P., Onuseit, V., Wiedenmann, M., Freitag, C., Feuer, A.: Heat accumulation during pulsed laser materials processing. Opt. Express 22(9), 11312–11324 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.22.011312
Weber, R., Graf, T., Freitag, C., Feuer, A., Kononenko, T., Konov, V.I.: Processing constraints resulting from heat accumulation during pulsed and repetitive laser materials processing. Opt. Express 25(4), 3966–3979 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.003966
Hossfeld, M.: Time-dependency of mechanical properties and component behavior after friction stir welding. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 102, 2297–2305 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-019-03324-x
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE, part of Springer Nature
About this paper
Cite this paper
Graf, T., Hoßfeld, M., Onuseit, V. (2021). A Universal Machine: Enabling Digital Manufacturing with Laser Technology. In: Weißgraeber, P., Heieck, F., Ackermann, C. (eds) Advances in Automotive Production Technology – Theory and Application. ARENA2036. Springer Vieweg, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62962-8_45
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62962-8_45
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer Vieweg, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-62961-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-62962-8
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)