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Pathophysiologie: Immunologie

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Nicht-alkoholische Fettlebererkrankung

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Zusammenfassung

Multiple Schädigungsreize im Rahmen der nicht-alkoholischen Fettlebererkrankungen (NAFLD) und daraus resultierende Veränderungen in der Leber, wie beispielsweise Lipideinlagerungen in den Hepatozyten, Akkumulation toxischer Metabolite, oxidativer Stress oder Apoptose und Nekrose der Hepatozyten, bewirken eine Aktivierung des Immunsystems. Dies wiederum führt zu einer inflammatorischen Reaktion, die das Fortschreiten von der prognostisch günstigeren nicht-alkoholischen Fettleber (NAFL) zur progressiven Verlaufsform der nicht-alkoholischen Steatohepatitis (NASH) begünstigt. Die chronische Inflammation führt zur Fibrose, die der wesentliche Risikofaktor für die Gesamt- sowie leberbezogene Morbidität und Mortalität bei der NAFLD ist. Aktuell gibt es keine zugelassenen medikamentösen Therapieoptionen, allerdings befinden sich zahlreiche Substanzen in klinischer Prüfung. Das bessere Verständnis der Entzündungsprozesse in der Leber liefert neue innovative Ansatzpunkte für die Therapie der NAFLD und ihrer Komplikationen. Die immunologischen Mechanismen sowie daraus resultierende therapeutische Ansatzpunkte werden in diesem Kapitel dargestellt.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Molekulare Pathobiochemie, Experimentelle Gentherapie u. Klinische Chemie, RWTH Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland

    Ralf Weiskirchen

  2. Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medizinische Klinik m.S. Hepatologie & Gastroenterologie, Campus Virchow-Klinikum und Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Deutschland

    Frank Tacke

Authors
  1. Ralf Weiskirchen
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  2. Frank Tacke
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Correspondence to Ralf Weiskirchen or Frank Tacke .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Medizinische Klinik u. Poliklinik II, Universititätsklinikum Würzburg, ZIM, Würzburg, Bayern, Deutschland

    Andreas Geier

  2. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Bochum GmbH, Bochum, Deutschland

    Ali Canbay

  3. Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg, Saarland, Deutschland

    Frank Lammert

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Weiskirchen, R., Tacke, F. (2022). Pathophysiologie: Immunologie. In: Geier, A., Canbay, A., Lammert, F. (eds) Nicht-alkoholische Fettlebererkrankung. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62484-5_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62484-5_7

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