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Radiologische Diagnostik

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Nicht-alkoholische Fettlebererkrankung

Zusammenfassung

Neben der Sonografie können auch Magnetresonanztomografie (MRT) und Computertomografie (CT) Hinweise auf das Vorliegen einer nicht-alkoholischen Fettlebererkrankung (NAFLD) und Charakteristika der Krankheitsschwere geben. Mit den heute üblichen radiologischen Verfahren gilt eine Verfettungsgrad über 20– 30 % als verlässlich erkennbar. Die Strahlenbelastung bei der CT kann durch Niedrigdosis-Protokolle minimiert werden. Native CT-Scans werden bevorzugt, um Einflüsse des Kontrastmittels zu vermeiden. Für eine milde NAFLD ist die CT zur Diagnostik jedoch nicht geeignet. Eine Vielzahl von MRT-Techniken (Chemical Shift Imaging, MR-Spektroskopie und MR-Elastografie) ermöglichen ebenfalls die Charakterisierung der NAFLD und die Quantifizierung der Fettsignalfraktion (FSF) oder der Fettfraktion (FF). Um Leberfett an Routine-MRT-Geräten zu erfassen, wurden Verfahren entwickelt, die „magnetic resonance imaging-derived proton density fat fraction“ (MRI-PDFF) nutzen, eine indirekte Schätzung begleitender Veränderungen der Leberverfettung. In den letzten Jahren hat sich die MRI-PDFF mit einer hohen diagnostischen Genauigkeit zur Alternative einer Biopsie entwickelt, insbesondere zur Verlaufskontrolle in klinischen Studien.

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Correspondence to Andreas Teufel .

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© 2022 Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, ein Teil von Springer Nature

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Teufel, A., Dietrich, C.F., Riffel, P., Roeb, E. (2022). Radiologische Diagnostik. In: Geier, A., Canbay, A., Lammert, F. (eds) Nicht-alkoholische Fettlebererkrankung. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62484-5_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62484-5_11

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-62483-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-62484-5

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