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Particular Flow Problems of Large Aspect-Ratio Wings

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Separated and Vortical Flow in Aircraft Wing Aerodynamics

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Abstract

The topics of this book are the basic principles and Unit Problems of separated and vortical flow in aircraft wing aerodynamics. This chapter is devoted to short considerations of application-oriented topics. Complete literature reviews are not intended, we give compact accounts of selected topics and provide references for further reading.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The relation of the specific impulse \(I_{sp}\) to the specific fuel consumption b [kg/s N] of the propulsion system is \(I_{sp}\) = 1/(b g).

  2. 2.

    The figure goes back to F. Thomas [4].

  3. 3.

    If laminar-turbulent transition would be involved, the situation would be much more challenging.

  4. 4.

    The shear layers leaving the trailing edges of all elements of the high-lift system are also noise sources due to the finite thickness of the edges, Sect. 6.3.

  5. 5.

    We do not present the details of the numerical approaches. The interested reader is asked to consult the original publication [19].

  6. 6.

    At propeller-driven subsonic aircraft with no or only small wing sweep usually no leading-edge devices are employed. Also playing a role there is the favorable interference between the propeller wake and the wing flow.

  7. 7.

    In our discussion we assume that instead of the droop nose device (DND) inboard of the engine also a slat is present, like outboard of it.

  8. 8.

    The higher the bypass ratio, the lower are the fuel consumption and the noise emission.

  9. 9.

    Attachment and separation lines are singular lines, for the related flow properties see Sect. 7.3, respectively [21].

  10. 10.

    The classical winglet is a vertical surface at the wing tip, whereas now wing-tip extensions evolve smoothly out of the wing’s surface. Sharklet so-called are winglets solely at the aircraft of the A320 family of Airbus, see, e.g., [33].

  11. 11.

    Airbus studies such and alternative foldable solutions.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Aerodynamics and Gasdynamics, University Stuttgart, Zorneding, Germany

    Ernst Heinrich Hirschel

  2. Department of Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden

    Arthur Rizzi

  3. Chair of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

    Christian Breitsamter

  4. Institute of Flightsystems, Bundeswehr University Munich, Zorneding, Germany

    Werner Staudacher

Authors
  1. Ernst Heinrich Hirschel
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  2. Arthur Rizzi
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  3. Christian Breitsamter
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  4. Werner Staudacher
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Correspondence to Ernst Heinrich Hirschel .

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Hirschel, E.H., Rizzi, A., Breitsamter, C., Staudacher, W. (2021). Particular Flow Problems of Large Aspect-Ratio Wings. In: Separated and Vortical Flow in Aircraft Wing Aerodynamics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61328-3_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61328-3_9

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