Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Neuropsychologie altersassoziierter Veränderungen

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Neurochirurgie bei älteren Patienten

Zusammenfassung

Altern geht mit metabolischen, strukturellen und anatomischen Veränderungen auf Hirnebene einher. Sehr viele Hirnregionen sind in unterschiedlichem Ausmaß davon betroffen, insbesondere präfrontale und medio-temporale Regionen. Es besteht kein sicherer Nachweis für asymmetrische Neurodegeneration, aber für asymmetrische Netzwerktopologien. Systematische Studien zu Veränderungen der Netzwerkprozesse im Alter stehen noch aus. Änderungen des Hirnmetabolismus spezifisch für unterschiedliche Altersphasen sind evident. Der Bedeutung von Neuroinflammation bei Älteren wird ein großes Potenzial für die Beschreibung alterskorrelierter Veränderungen zugeschrieben. Die Bedeutung von Sexualhormonen für neuronale und kognitive Funktion im Alter ist für den Menschen noch nicht ausreichend aufgeklärt. Veränderungen von Neurotransmitterbalancen bei Älteren sind gezeigt worden. Es besteht konvergente Evidenz, dass die anatomischen und physiologischen Veränderungen im Alter mit Änderungen der kognitiven und emotionalen Verarbeitung einhergehen. Auf kognitiver Ebene ist eine deutliche Leistungsheterogenität sichtbar. Relative Leistungsstabilität ist insbesondere für Wortschatz, semantische und implizite Gedächtnisleistungen zu erwarten, relativer Leistungsabfall für episodische und Arbeitsgedächtnisleistung, selektive und geteilte Aufmerksamkeitsleistung sowie für Exekutivfunktionen. Ältere Personen haben ein erhöhtes Risiko postoperativ ein Delir und/oder eine kognitive Beeinträchtigung zu erleiden, was neben der Leistungsheterogenität bei der Organisation und Durchführung von neuropsychologischer Diagnostik spezifisch zu berücksichtigen ist. Trotz vieler Einzelbefunde bleibt das Gesamtbild noch lückenhaft. Kausale Erklärungen sind schwierig, da Ursachen für Veränderungen im Alter vielfältig sind und mit vielen biologischen und psychologischen Faktoren interagieren.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 89.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Literatur

  • Abdulrahman H, Fletcher PC, Bullmore E, Morcom AM (2017) Dopamine and memory dedifferentiation in aging. Neuroimage 153:211–220

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Abe O, Yamasue H, Aoki S, Suga M, Yamada H, Kasai K, Masutani Y, Kato N, Kato N, Ohtomo K (2008) Aging in the CNS: Comparison of gray/white matter volume and diffusion tensor data. Neurobiol Aging 29:102–116

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Adolphs R (2010) What does the amygdala contribute to social cognition? Ann N Y Acad Sci 1191:42–61

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Alstott J, Breakspear M, Hagmann P, Cammoun L, Sporns O (2009) Modeling the impact of lesions in the human brain. PLoS Comput Biol 5:e1000408

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association (2013) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5. Aufl. VA, US, American Psychiatric Publishing, Arlington

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Atienza M, Ziontz J, Cantero JL (2018) Low-grade inflammation in the relationship between sleep disruption, dysfunctional adiposity, and cognitive decline in aging. Sleep Med Rev 42:171–183

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Atkinson RC, Shiffrin RM (1968) Human memory: A proposed system and its control processes. In: Spence KW, Spence JT (Hrsg) The psychology of learning and motivation. NY, US, Academic Press, New York, S 89–195

    Google Scholar 

  • Avidan MS, Evers AS (2016) The Fallacy of Persistent Postoperative Cognitive Decline. Anesthesiology 124:255–258

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bäckman L, Lindenberger U, Li SC, Nyberg L (2010) Linking cognitive aging to alterations in dopamine neurotransmitter functioning: Recent data and future avenues. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 34:670–677

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bäckman L, Ginovart N, Dixon R, Robins-Wahlin T-B, Wahlin A, Hallin C, Farde L (2000a) Age-related cognitive deficits mediated by changes in the striatal dopamine system. Am J Psychiatry 157:635–637

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bäckman L, Small BJ, Wahlin Å, Larsson M (2000b) Cognitive functioning in very old age. In: Craik FIM, Salthouse TA (Hrsg) The handbook of aging and cognition. NJ, US, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, Mahwah, S 499–558

    Google Scholar 

  • Baddeley A (1986) Oxford psychology series, No. 11. Working memory. New York, NY, US, Clarendon Press/Oxford University Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Baddeley A (2000) The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory? Trends Cogn Sci 4:417–423

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Banks SJ, Eddy KT, Angstadt M, Nathan PJ, Phan KL (2007) Amygdala-frontal connectivity during emotion regulation. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2:303–312

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Barha CK, Galea LA (2010) Influence of different estrogens on neuroplasticity and cognition in the hippocampus. Biochim Biophys Acta 1800:1056–1067

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barresi BA, Nicholas M, Tabor Connor L, Obler LK, Albert ML (2000) Semantic degradation and lexical access in age-related naming failures. Neuropsychology, development, and cognition: Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition 7:169–178

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bauer E, Sammer G, Toepper M (2015) Trying to Put the Puzzle Together: Age and Performance Level Modulate the Neural Response to Increasing Task Load within Left Rostral Prefrontal Cortex. BioMed Research International, Article ID, S 415458

    Google Scholar 

  • Bauer E, Sammer G, Toepper M (2018) Performance Level and Cortical Atrophy Modulate the Neural Response to Increasing Working Memory Load in Younger and Older Adults. Front Aging Neurosci 10:265. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2018.00265

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Benhamou D, Brouquet A (2016) Postoperative cerebral dysfunction in the elderly: Diagnosis and prophylaxis. J Visc Surg 153(6S):S27–S32

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett IJ, Madden DJ, Vaidya CJ, Howard DV, Howard JH (2010) Age-related differences in multiple measures of white matter integrity: A diffusion tensor imaging study of healthy aging. Hum Brain Mapp 31:378–390

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Berridge KC (2018) Evolving concepts of emotion and motivation. Front Psychol 9:1647. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01647

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Betzel RF, Bassett DS (2017) Multi-scale brain networks. NeuroImage 160:73–83

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brickman AM, Stern Y (2009) Aging and memory in humans. In: Squire LR (Hrsg) Encyclopedia of Neuroscience. UK, Academic Press, Oxford, S 175–180

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Burke D, Shafto M (2008) Language and aging. In: Craik FIM, Salthouse T (eds) The Handbook of Aging and Cognition (3. Aufl). New York, NY, US, Psychology Press, S. 373–443

    Google Scholar 

  • Burke D, MacKay D, James L (2000) Theoretical approaches to language and aging. In: Perfect T, Maylor E (Hrsg) Models of Cognitive Aging. NY, US, Oxford University Press, New York, S 204–237

    Google Scholar 

  • Cabeza R (2002) Hemispheric asymmetry reduction in older adults: the HAROLD model. Psychol Aging 17:85–100

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cabeza R, Dennis NA (2013) Frontal lobes and aging: Deterioration and compensation. In: Stuss DT, Knight RT (eds) Principles of Frontal Lobe Function. New York, NY, US, Oxford University Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Cabeza R, Grady CL, Nyberg L, McIntosh AR, Tulving E, Kapur S, Jennings JM, Houle S, Craik FIM (1997) Age-related differences in neural activity during memory encoding and retrieval: A positron emission tomography study. J Neurosci 17:391–400

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Caeyenberghs K, Leemans A (2014) Hemispheric lateralization of topological organization in structural brain networks. Hum Brain Mapp 35:4944–4957

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Cardenas VA, Chao LL, Studholme C, Yaffe K, Miller BL, Madison C, Buckley ST, Mungas D, Schuff N, Weiner MW (2011) Brain atrophy associated with baseline and longitudinal measures of cognition. Neurobiol Aging 32:572–580

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carp J, Park J, Polk TA, Park DC (2011) Age differences in neural distinctiveness revealed by multi-voxel pattern analysis. Neuroimage 56:736–743

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Casolla B, Caparros F, Cordonnier C, Bombois S, Hénon H, Bordet R, Orzi F, Leys D (2018) Biological and imaging predictors of cognitive impairment after stroke: a systematic review. J Neurol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-018-9089-z

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Castel A, Craik FIM (2003) The effects of aging and divided attention on memory for item and associative information. Psychol Aging 18:873–885

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chapleau M, Aldebert J, Montembeault M, Brambati SM (2016) Atrophy in Alzheimer’s Disease and Semantic Dementia: An ALE Meta-Analysis of Voxel-Based Morphometry Studies. J Alzheimers Dis 54:941–955

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chee MW, Goh JO, Venkatraman V, Tan JC, Gutchess A, Sutton B, Hebrank A, Leshikar E, Park D (2006) Age-related changes in object processing and contextual binding revealed using FMR adaptation. J Cogn Neurosci 18:495–507

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen YC, Chen CC, Decety J, Cheng Y (2013) Aging is associated with changes in the neural circuits underlying empathy. Neurobiol Aging 35:827–836

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chmielewski WX, Yildiz A, Beste C (2014) The neural architecture of age-related dual-task interferences. Front Aging Neurosci 6, Article 193. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2014.00193

  • Cowan N (2008) What are the differences between long-term, short-term, and working memory? Prog Brain Res 169:323–338

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Craik FIM, Jennings JM (1992) Human memory. In: Craik FIM, Salthouse TA (Hrsg) The Handbook of Aging and Cognition. Hillsdale, NJ, US, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, S 51–110

    Google Scholar 

  • Crossley NA, Mechelli A, Scott J, Carletti F, Fox PT, McGuire P, Bullmore ET (2014) The hubs of the human connectome are generally implicated in the anatomy of brain disorders. Brain 137:2382–2395

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • d’Esposito M (2007) From cognitive to neural models of working memory. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 362(1481):761–772

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Davis SW, Dennis NA, Daselaar SM, Fleck MS, Cabeza R (2008) Que PASA? The posterior-anterior shift in aging. Cereb Cortex 18:1201–1209

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • de Haan W, Mott K, van Straaten Elisabeth CW, Scheltens P, Stam CJ (2012) Activity dependent degeneration explains hub vulnerability in Alzheimer’s disease. PLoS Comput Biol 8:e1002582

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DeDe G, Caplan D, Kemtes K, Waters G (2004) The relationship between age, verbal working memory, and language comprehension. Psychol Aging 19:601–616

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dempster F (1992) The rise and fall of the inhibitory mechanism: toward a unified theory of cognitive development and aging. Dev Rev 12:45–75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Depp CA, Harmell A, Vahia IV (2012) Successful cognitive aging. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 10:35–50

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Devlin JT, Poldrack RA (2007) praise of tedious anatomy. Neuroimage 37:1033–1041

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Diamond A (2013) Executive Functions. Annu Rev Psychol 64:135–168

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • DiGirolamo G, Kramer A, Barad V, Cepeda NJ, Weissman DH, Milham MP, Wszalek TM, Cohen NJ, Banich MT, Webb A, Belopolsky AV, McAuley E (2001) General and task- specific frontal lobe recruitment in older adults during executive processes: a fMRI investigation of task-switching. NeuroReport 12:2065–2071

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Drag LL, Bieliauskas LA (2009) Contemporary Review 2009: Cognitive Aging. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 23:75–93

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duffau H (2010) Awake Surgery for Nonlanguage Mapping. Neurosurgery 66:523–529

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Erel H, Levy DA (2016) Orienting of visual attention in aging. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 69:357–380

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Festa-Martino E, Ott BR, Heindel WC (2004) Interactions between phasic alerting and spatial orienting: effects of normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease. Neuropsychology 18:258–268

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fjell AM, McEvoy L, Holland D, Dale AM, Walhovd KB (2014) Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative: What is normal in normal aging? Effects of aging, amyloid and Alzheimer’s disease on the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus. Prog Neurobiol 117:20–40

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Fjell AM, Walhovd KB, Fennema-Notestine C, McEvoy LK, Hagler DJ, Holland D, Brewer JB, Dale AM (2009a) One-year brain atrophy evident in healthy aging. J Neurosci 29:15223–15231

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Fjell AM, Westlye LT, Amlien I, Espeseth T, Reinvang I, Raz N, Agartz I, Salat DH, Greve DN, Fischl B, Dale AM, Walhovd KB (2009b) High consistency of regional cortical thinning in aging across multiple samples. Cereb Cortex 19:2001–2012

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Fjell AM, Walhovd KB (2010) Structural brain changes in aging: courses, causes and cognitive consequences. Rev Neurosci 21:187–221

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fox NC, Schott JM (2004) Imaging cerebral atrophy: normal ageing to Alzheimer’s disease. Lancet 363:392–394

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Friedman D, Nessler D, Johnson R (2007) Memory encoding and retrieval in the aging brain. Clin EEG Neurosci 38:2–7

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gajewski PD, Ferdinand NK, Kray J, Falkenstein M (2018) Understanding sources of adult age differences in task switching: Evidence from behavioral and ERP studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 92:255–275

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gamboz N, Zamarian S, Cavallero C (2010) Age-related differences in the attention network test (ANT). Exp Aging Res 36:287–305

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gola M, Kamiński J, Brzezicka A, Wróbel A (2012) Beta band oscillations as a correlate of alertness – Changes in aging. Int J Psychophysiol 85:62–67

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gold B, Powell D, Xuan L, Jicha GA, Smith CD (2008) Age-related slowing of task switching is associated with decreased integrity of frontoparietal white matter. Neurobiol Aging 31:512–522

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Goldenberg G (2007) Neuropsychologie: Grundlagen, Klinik, Rehabilitation, 4. Aufl. Elsevier, München

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldstein KE, Hazlett EA, Savage KR, Berlin HA, Hamilton HK, Zelmanova Y, Look AE, Koenigsberg HW, Mitsis EM, Tang CY, McNamara M, Siever LJ, Cohen BH, Cohen BH, New AS (2011) Dorso- and ventro-lateral prefrontal volume and spatial working memory in schizotypal personality disorder. Behav Brain Res 218:335–340

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Good CD, Johnsrude IS, Ashburner J, Henson RNA, Friston KJ, Frackowiak RSJ (2001) A voxel-based morphometric study of ageing in 465 normal adult human brains. NeuroImage 14:21–36

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grady CL, Maisog JM, Horwitz B, Ungerleider LG, Mentis MJ, Salerno JA, Pietrini P, Wagner E, Haxby JV (1994) Age-related changes in cortical blood flow activation during visual processing of faces and location. J Neurosci 14:1450–1462

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Grady CL, McIntosh AR, Horwitz B, Maisog JM, Ungerleider LG, Mentis MJ, Pietrini P, Schapiro MB, Haxby JV (1995) Age-related reductions in human recognition memory due to impaired encoding. Science 269:218–221

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grady CL (2008) Cognitive neuroscience of aging. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1124:127–144

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grady CL (2012) The cognitive neuroscience of ageing. Nat Rev Neurosci 13:491–505

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Gunning-Dixon FM, Brickman AM, Cheng JC, Alexopoulos GS (2009) Aging of cerebral white matter: A review of MRI findings. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 24:109–117

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Gurvich C, Hoy K, Thomas N, Kulkarni J (2018) Sex differences and the influence of sex hormones on cognition through adulthood and the aging process. Brain Sci 8:163. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci8090163

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Haller S, Koevari E, Herrmann FR, Cuvinciuc V, Tomm AM, Zulian GB, Lovblad KO, Giannakopoulos P, Bouras C (2013) Do brain T2/FLAIR white matter hyperintensities correspond to myelin loss in normal aging? A radiologic-neuropathologic correlation study. Acta Neuropathol Commun 1:14. https://doi.org/10.1186/2051-5960-1-14

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Harmell AL, Jeste D, Depp C (2014) Strategies for successful aging: a research update. Curr Psychiatry Rep 16:476. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-014-0476-6

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Hartley AA, Jonides J, Sylvester CYC (2011) Dual-task processing in younger and older adults: Similarities and differences revealed by fMRI. Brain Cogn 75:281–291

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hasher L, Zacks R (1988) Working memory, comprehension, and aging: a review and a new view. In: Bower H (Hrsg) The Psychology of Learning and Motivation. CA, Academic Press, San Diego, S 193–225

    Google Scholar 

  • Hedden T, Gabrieli JD (2004) Insights into the ageing mind: A view from cognitive neuroscience. Nat Rev Neurosci 5:87–96

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Henry J, MacLeod M, Phillips L, Crawford J (2004) A meta-analytic review of prospective memory and aging. Psychol Aging 19:27–39

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Herrmann LL, Le Masurier M, Ebmeier KP (2008) White matter hyperintensities in late life depression: a systematic review. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 79:619–624

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hough M (2007) Adult age differences in word fluency for common and goal-directed categories. Advances in Speech-Language Pathology 9:154–161

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Inouye SK, Marcantonio ER, Kosar CM, Tommet D, Schmitt EM, Travison TG, Saczynski JS, Ngo LH, Alsop DC, Jones RN (2016) The short-term and long-term relationship between delirium and cognitive trajectory in older surgical patients. Alzheimers Dement 12:766–775

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Inouye SK, Westendorp RG, Saczynski JS (2014) Delirium in elderly people. Lancet 383:911–922

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Isaacowitz DM, Livingstone KM, Castro VL (2017) Aging and emotions: experience, regulation, and perception. Curr Opin Psychol 17:79–83

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Isaacowitz DM, Wadlinger HA, Goren D, Wilson HR (2006) Selective preference in visual fixation away from negative images in old age? An eye- tracking study. Psychol Aging 21:40–48

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jennings JM, Dagenbach D, Engle CM, Funke LJ (2007) Age-related changes and the attention network task: an examination of alerting, orienting, and executive function. Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn 14:353–639

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kaup AR, Mirzakhanian H, Jeste DV, Eyler LT (2011) A review of the brain structure correlates of successful cognitive aging. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 23:6–15

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kennedy Q, Mather M, Carstensen LL (2004) The role of motivation in the age-related positivity effect in autobiographical memory. Psychol Sci 15:208–214

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kennedy KM, Rodrigue KM, Bischof G, Hebrank AC, Reuter-Lorenz PA, Park DC (2015) Age trajectories of functional activation under conditions of low and high processing demands: an adult lifespan fMRI study of the aging brain. Neuroimage 104:21–34

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Keren-Shaul H, Spinrad A, Weiner A, Matcovitch-Natan O, Dvir-Szternfeld R, Ulland TK, David E, Baruch K, Lara-Astaiso D, Toth B, Itzkovitz S, Colonna M, Schwaetz M, Amit I (2017) A unique microglia type associated with restricting development of Alzheimer’s disease. Cell 169:1276–1290

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kim JH, Hwang KJ, Kim JH, Lee YH, Rhee HY, Park KC (2011) Regional white matter hyperintensities in normal aging, single domain amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and mild Alzheimer’s disease. J Clin Neurosci 18:1101–1106

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klencklen G, Després O, Dufour A (2012) What do we know about aging and spatial cognition? Reviews and perspectives. Ageing Res Rev 11:123–135

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kliegel M, Jäger T (2006) Delayed-execute prospective memory performance: The effects of age and working memory. Dev Neuropsychol 30:819–843

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kray J, Li K, Lindenberge U (2002) Age-related changes in task- switching components: the role of task uncertainty. Brain Cogn 49:363–381

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Laver GD (2009) Adult aging effects on semantic and episodic priming in word recognition. Psychol Aging 24:28–39

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leclerc CM, Kensinger EA (2008) Effects of age on detection of emotional information. Psychol Aging 23:209–215

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lemke U, Zimprich D (2005) Longitudinal changes in memory performance and processing speed in old age. Aging Neuropsychol Cogn 12:57–77

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li S-C, Rieckmann A (2014) Neuromodulation and aging: implications of aging neuronal gain control on cognition. Curr Opin Neurobiol 29:148–158

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li S, Lindenberger U, Sikström S (2001) Aging cognition: From neuromodulation to representation. Trends Cogni Sci 5:479–486

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lockhart SN, DeCarli C (2014) Structural imaging measures of brain aging. Neuropsychol Rev 24:271–289

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Luo L, Craik FI (2008) Aging and memory: a cognitive approach. Can J Psychiatry 53:346–353

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lustig C, Shah P, Seidle R, Reuter-Lorenz PA (2009) Aging, training, and the brain: a review and future directions. Neuropsychol Rev 19:504–522

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Madden DJ, Whiting WL, Huettel SA (2005) Age-related changes in neural activity during visual perception and attention. In: Cabeza R, Nyberg L, Park A (Hrsg) Cognitive neuroscience of aging. NY, US, Oxford University Press, New York, S 157–185

    Google Scholar 

  • Mather M (2016) The Affective Neuroscience of Aging. Annu Rev Psychol 67:213–238

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mather M (2013) NIH Public Access 1251(1):33–49. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.17496632.2012.06471.x

  • Maylor E, Smith G, Della Sala S, Logie R (2002) Prospective and retrospective memory in normal aging and dementia: an experimental study. Mem Cognit 30:871–884

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McDaniel M, Einstein G (1992) Aging and prospective memory: basic findings and practical implications. Advances in Learning and Behavioral Disabilities 7:87–105

    Google Scholar 

  • McDaniel MA, Einstein GO, Jacoby LL (2008) New considerations in aging and memory: The glass may be half full. In: Craik FIM, Salthouse TA (Hrsg) The Handbook of Aging and Cognition, 3. Aufl. NY, US, Psychology Press, New York, S 251–310

    Google Scholar 

  • Minkova L, Habich A, Peter J, Kaller CP, Eickhoff SB, Klöppel S (2017) Gray matter asymmetries in aging and neurodegeneration: A review and meta-analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5890–5904

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Miyake A, Friedman NP, Emerson MJ, Witzki AH, Howerter A, Wager TD (2000) The Unity and Diversity of Executive Functions and Their Contributions to Complex “Frontal Lobe” Tasks: A Latent Variable Analysis. Cogn Psychol 41:49–100

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morcom AM, Henson RNA (2018) Increased Prefrontal Activity with Aging Reflects Nonspecific Neural Responses Rather than Compensation. J Neurosci 38:7303–7313

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Morcom AM, Good CD, Frackowiak RSJ, Rugg MD (2003) Age effects of the neural correlates of successful memory encoding. Brain 126:213–229

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morcom AM, Li J, Rugg MD (2007) Age effects on the neural correlates of episodic retrieval: Increased cortical recruitment with matched performance. Cereb Cortex 17:2491–2506

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mortensen L, Meyer AS, Humphreys GW (2006) Age-related effects on speech production: a review. Lang Cogn Process 21:238–290

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mrdjen D, Pavlovic A, Hartmann F, Schreiner JB, Utz SG, Leung B, Lelios I, Heppner FL, Kipnis J, Merkler D, Greter M, Becher B (2018) High-dimensional single-cell mapping of central nervous system immune cells reveals distinct myeloid subsets in health, aging, and disease. Immunity 48:380–395

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Naveh-Benjamin N, Guez J, Marom M (2003) The effects of divided attention at encoding on item and associative memory. Mem Cognit 31:1021–1035

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nettiksimmons J, Beckett L, Schwarz C, Carmichael O, Fletcher E, Decarli C (2013) Subgroup of ADNI normal controls characterized by atrophy and cognitive decline associated with vascular damage. Psychol Aging 28:191–201

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Nyberg L, Andersson M, Kauppi K, Lundquist A, Persson J, Pudas S, Nilsson LG (2014) Age-related and genetic modulation of frontal cortex efficiency. J Cogn Neurosci 26:746–754

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nyberg L, Lövdén M, Riklund K, Lindenberger U, Bäckman L (2012) Memory aging and brain maintenance. Trends Cogn Sci 16:292–305

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nyberg L, Maitland SB, Rönnlund M, Bäckman L, Dixon RA, Wahlin A, Nilsson LG (2003) Selective adult age differences in an age-invariant multifactor model of declarative memory. Psychol Aging 18:149–160

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ochsner KN, Silvers JA, Buhle JT (2012) Functional imaging studies of emotion regulation: a synthetic review and evolving model of the cognitive control of emotion. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1251(1):E1–E24

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Old SR, Naveh-Benjamin M (2008) Differential effects of age on item and associative measures of Memory: A meta-analysis. Psychol Aging 23:104–118

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pappa M, Theodosiadis N, Tsounis A, Sarafis P (2017) Pathogenesis and treatment of post-operative cognitive dysfunction. Electron Physician 9:3768–3775

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Park DC, Gutchess AH (2005) Long-Term Memory and Aging: A Cognitive Neuroscience Perspective. In: Cabeza R, Nyberg L, Park D (Hrsg) Cognitive Neuroscience of Aging: Linking Cognitive and Cerebral Aging. NY, US, Oxford University Press, New York, S 218–245

    Google Scholar 

  • Park DC, Lautenschlager G, Hedden T, Davidson NS, Smith AD, Smith PK (2002) Models of visuospatial and verbal memory across the adult life span. Psychol Aging 17:299–320

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Park DC, Polk TA, Park R, Minear M, Savag A, Smith MR (2004) Aging reduces neural specialization in ventral visual cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:13091–13095

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson K, Nestor PJ, Rogers TT (2007) Where do you know what you know? The representation of semantic knowledge in the human brain. Nat Rev Neurosci 8:976–987

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pievani M, Filippini N, van den Heuvel MP, Cappa SF, Frisoni GB (2014) Brain connectivity in neurodegenerative diseases - from phenotype to proteinopathy. Nat Rev Neurol 10:620–633

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Piolino P (2003) Autobiographical memory in aging. Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieill 1:25–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Posner MI (2008) Measuring Alertness. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1129:193–199

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Raz N, Rodrigue KM (2006) Differential aging of the brain: patterns, cognitive correlates and modifiers. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 30:730–748

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Raz N (2000) Aging of the brain and its impact on cognitive performance: Integration of structural and functional findings. In: Craik FIM, Salthouse TA (Hrsg) The Handbook of Aging and Cognition. Mahwah, NJ, US, Erlbaum, S 1–90

    Google Scholar 

  • Raz N, Lindenberger U, Rodrigue KM, Kennedy KM, Head D, Williamson A et al (2005) Regional brain changes in aging healthy adults: general trends, individual differences and modifiers. Cereb Cortex 15:1676–1689

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reuter-Lorenz PA, Cappell KA (2008) Neurocognitive aging and the compensation hypothesis. Current Directions in Psychological Science 18:177–182

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez-Aranda C, Martinussen M (2006) Age-related differences in performance of phonemic verbal fluency measured by controlled oral word association task (COWAT): a meta-analytic study. Dev Neuropsychol 30:697–717

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rönnlund M, Nyberg L, Bäckman L, Nilsson LG (2005) Stability, growth and decline in adult life span development of declarative memory: cross-sectional and longitudinal data from a population-based study. Psychol Aging 20:3–18

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ruthruff E, Lien M (2016) Aging and attention. In: Pachana N (eds) Encyclopedia of geropsychology. New York, NY, US, Springer

    Google Scholar 

  • Rypma B, D’Esposito MD (2000) Isolating the neural mechanisms of age-related changes in human working memory. Nat Neurosci 3:509–515

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salat DH, Greve DN, Pacheco JL, Quinn BT, Helmer KG, Buckner RL, Fischl B (2008) Regional white matter volume differences in nondemented aging and Alzheimer’s disease. Neuroimage 44:1247–1258

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salthouse T (1992) The information-processing perspective on cognitive aging. In: Sternberg R, Berg C (Hrsg) Intellectual Development. NY, US, Cambridge University Press, New York, S 261–277

    Google Scholar 

  • Salthouse T (1996) The processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition. Psychol Rev 103:403–428

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Santos M, Kovari E, Hof PR, Gold G, Bouras C, Giannakopoulos P (2009) The impact of vascular burden on late-life depression. Brain Res Rev 62:19–32

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Scahill RI, Frost C, Jenkins R, Whitwell JL, Rossor MN, Fox NC (2003) A longitudinal study of brain volume changes in normal aging using serial registered magnetic resonance imaging. Arch Neurol 60:989–994

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schaie KW (2005) Developmental Influences on Adult Intelligence: The Seattle Longitudinal Study. NY, US, Oxford University Press, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Schienle A, Stark R, Walter B, Blecker C, Ott U, Kirsch P, Sammer G, Vaitl D (2002) The insula is not specifically involved in disgust processing: an fMRI study. NeuroReport 13:2023–2026

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt R, Lechner H, Fazekas F, Niederkorn K, Reinhart B, Grieshofer P, Horner S, Offenbacher H, Koch M, Eber B, Schumacher M, Kapeller P, Freidl W, Dusek T (1994) Assessment of cerebrovascular risk profiles in healthy persons: definition of research goals and the Austrian Stroke Prevention Study (ASPS). Neuroepidemiology 13:308–313

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt R, Schmidt H, Haybaeck J, Loitfelder M, Weis S, Cavalieri M, Seiler S, Enzinger C, Ropele S, Erkinjuntti T, Pantoni L, Schletens P, Fazekas F, Jellinger K (2011) Heterogeneity in age-related white matter changes. Acta Neuropathol 122:171–185

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider BA, Pichora-Fuller MK (2000) Implication of perceptual deterioration for cognitive aging research. In: Craik FIM, Salthouse TA (Hrsg) The Handbook of Aging and Cognition. Mahwah, NY, US, Erlbaum, S 155–219

    Google Scholar 

  • Seyedabadi M, Fakhfouri G, Ramezani V, Mehr SE, Rahimian R (2014) The role of serotonin in memory: interactions with neurotransmitters and downstream signaling. Exp Brain Res 232:723–738

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shafto M, Burke D, Stamatakis E, Tam PP, Tyler LK (2007) On the tip-of-the-tongue: neural correlates of increased word-finding failures in normal aging. J Cogn Neurosci 19:2060–2070

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Simpson JE, Ince PG, Higham CE, Gelsthorpe CH, Fernando MS, Matthews F, Forster G, O’Brien JT, Barber R, Kalaria RN, Brayne C, Shaw PJ, Stoeber K, Williams GH, Lewis CE, Wharton SB (2007) Microglial activation in white matter lesions and nonlesional white matter of ageing brains. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 33:670–683

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Singer T, Verhaeghen P, Ghisletta P, Lindenberger U, Baltes PB (2003) The fate of cognition in very old age: Six-year longitudinal findings in the Berlin Aging Study (BASE). Psychol Aging 18:318–331

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sliwinski M, Buschke H (1999) Cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships among age, cognitive, and processing speed. Psychol Aging 14:18–33

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith EE, Salat DH, Jeng J, McCreary CR, Fischl B, Schmahmann JD, Dickerson BC, Viswanathan A, Albert MS, Blacker D, Greenberg SM (2011) Correlations between MRI white matter lesion location and executive function and episodic memory. Neurology 76:1492–1499

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Spence I, Feng J (2010) Video games and spatial cognition. Rev Gen Psychol 14:92–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Squir LR (1987) The organization and neural substrates of human memory. Int J Neurol 21–22:218–222

    Google Scholar 

  • Staub B, Doignon-Camus N, Després O, Bonnefond A (2013) Sustained attention in the elderly: What do we know and what does it tell us about cognitive aging? Ageing Res Rev 12:459–468

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Storsve AB, Fjell AM, Tamnes CK, Westlye LT, Overbye K, Aasland HW, Walhovd KB (2014) Differential longitudinal changes in cortical thickness, surface area and volume across the adult life span: regions of accelerating and decelerating change. J Neurosci 34:8488–8498

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Sturm W (2009a) Aufgaben und Strategien neuropsychologischer Diagnostik. In: Sturm W, Herrmann M, Münte TF (Hrsg) Lehrbuch der Klinischen Neuropsychologie. Deutschland, Springer Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, S 317–328

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Sturm W (2009b) Aufmerksamkeitsstörungen. In: Sturm W, Herrmann M, Münte TF (Hrsg) Lehrbuch der Klinischen Neuropsychologie. Springer Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany, S 421–443

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Su L, Wang L, Chen F, Shen H, Li B, Hu D (2012) Sparse representation of brain aging: extracting covariance patterns from structural MRI. PLoS ONE 7:e36147

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Tabatabaei-Jafari H, Shaw ME, Cherbuin N (2015) Cerebral atrophy in mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Alzheimers Dementia (Amst) 1:487–504

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson PM, Hayashi KM, de Zubicaray G, Janke AL, Rose SE, Semple J, Herman D, Hong MS, Dittmer SS, Doddrell DM, Toga AW (2003) Dynamics of gray matter loss in Alzheimer’s disease. J Neurosci 23:994–1005

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Thomson DR, Hasher L (2017) On the preservation of vigilant attention to semantic information in healthy aging. Exp Brain Res 235:2287–2300

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thornton R, Light L (2006) Language comprehension and production in normal aging. In: Birren J, Schaire K (Hrsg) Handbook of the Psychology of Aging. Netherlands, Elsevier, Amsterdam, S 261–287

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Tisserand DJ, Van Boxtel MP, Pruessner JC, Hofman P, Evans AC, Jolles J (2004) A voxel-based morphometric study to determine individual differences in gray matter density associated with age and cognitive change over time. Cereb Cortex 14:966–973

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Toepper M (2017) Dissociating normal aging from Alzheimer`s Disease: A View from Cognitive Neuroscience. J Alzheimers Dis 57(2):331–352

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Toepper M, Markowitsch H, Gebhardt H, Beblo T, Bauer E, Wörmann F, Driessen M, Sammer G (2014) The impact of age on prefrontal cortex integrity during spatial working memory retrieval. Neuropsychologia 59:157–168

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tromp D, Dufour A, Lithfous S, Pebayle T, Després O (2015) Episodic memory in normal aging and Alzheimer disease: Insights from imaging and behavioural studies. Ageing Res Rev 24:232–262

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Turner G, Spreng RN (2012) Executive functions and neurocognitive aging: dissociable patterns of brain activity. Neurobiol Aging 33:826.e1-826.e13

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Uttl B (2008) Transparent Meta-Analysis of Prospective Memory and Aging. PLoS ONE 3(2):e1568–e1568

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Van Petten C (2004) Relationship between hippocampal volume and memory ability in healthy individuals across the lifespan: review and meta-analysis. Neuropsychologia 42:1394–1413

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Verhaeghen P (2003) Aging and vocabulary scores: a meta-analysis. Psychol Aging 18:332–339

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Verhaeghen P, Steitz D, Sliwinski M, Cerella J (2003) Aging and dual-task performance: a meta-analysis. Psychol Aging 18:443–460

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Voss MW, Erickson KI, Chaddock L, Prakash RS, Colcombe SJ, Morris KS, Doerksen S, Hu L, McAuley E, Kramer AF (2008) Dedifferentiation in the visual cortex: An fMRI investigation of individual differences in older adults. Brain Res 1244:121–131

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Waters G, Caplan D (2001) Age, working memory, and on-line syntactic processing in sentence comprehension. Psychol Aging 16:128–144

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wegener S (2017) Alterung des Gehirns: Charakterisierung mittels MRT. Praxis 106:477–481

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yankner BA, Lu T, Loerch P (2008) The aging brain. Annu Rev Pathol 3:41–66

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshita M, Fletcher E, Harvey D, Ortega M, Martinez O, Mungas DM et al (2006) Extent and distribution of white matter hyperintensities in normal aging, MCI, and AD. Neurology 67:2192–2198

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zacks R, Hasher L (2006) Aging and long-term memory: deficits are not inevitable. In: Bialystok E, Craik FIM (Hrsg) Lifespan Cognition: Mechanisms of Change. NY, Oxford University Press, New York, S 162–177

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou J, Gennatas ED, Kramer JH, Miller BL, Seeley WW (2012) Predicting regional neurodegeneration from the healthy brain functional connectome. Neuron 73:1216–1227

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou SS, Fan J, Lee TMC, Wang CQ, Wang K (2011) Age-related differences in attentional networks of alerting and executive control in young, middle-aged, and older Chinese adults. Brain Cogn 75:205–210

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zimmerman ME, Brickman AM, Paul RH, Grieve SM, Tate DF, Gunstad J et al (2006) The relationship between frontal gray matter volume and cognition varies across the healthy adult lifespan. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 14:823–833

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Gießen, Deutschland

    Gebhard Sammer & Eva Bauer

Authors
  1. Gebhard Sammer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Eva Bauer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gebhard Sammer .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Neurochirurgische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Gießen, Gießen, Hessen, Germany

    Eberhard Uhl

  2. Klinik für Spinale Chirurgie, Schön Klinik Hamburg Eilbek, Hamburg, Germany

    Karsten Schöller

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, ein Teil von Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Sammer, G., Bauer, E. (2021). Neuropsychologie altersassoziierter Veränderungen. In: Uhl, E., Schöller, K. (eds) Neurochirurgie bei älteren Patienten. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60354-3_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation