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Genetik und Gen-Umwelt-Interaktionen

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Adipositas bei Kindern und Jugendlichen

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Zusammenfassung

Die Ätiologie der Adipositas ist multifaktoriell. Bei Betroffenen tragen Umwelteinflüsse und mindestens ein, in der Regel aber mehrere bis hin zu vielen Genvarianten zu Entstehung und Verlauf der Störung bei. Adipositas kann mutmaßlich ohne genetische Veranlagung nicht entstehen; die entsprechenden Umweltbedingungen stellen ein sine qua non dar. Die genetische Prädisposition resultiert aus der Wirkung vieler Genvarianten eines Individuums auf Energiezufuhr, -aufnahme und -verbrauch. Hierbei haben einzelne Genvarianten einen nur kleinen, andere hingegen einen großen quantitativen Einfluss auf das Körpergewicht. Die Allele wirken sich auf Stoffwechsel ebenso wie Verhalten aus. Individuelle Unterschiede in Art und Anzahl der zu Übergewicht prädisponierenden Allele entscheiden mit darüber, wann, unter welchen Umweltbedingungen, über welche Mechanismen und in welchem Umfang Adipositas resultiert. Genetische Faktoren nehmen auch Einfluss auf Art und Schweregrad der Folgestörungen.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universitätsklinikum Essen Klinik für Kinderheilkunde II, Essen, Deutschland

    Raphael Hirtz & Franziska Degenhardt

  2. Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Deutschland

    Anke Hinney

  3. Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Rheinische Kliniken der Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Deutschland

    Johannes Hebebrand

Authors
  1. Raphael Hirtz
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  2. Franziska Degenhardt
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  3. Anke Hinney
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  4. Johannes Hebebrand
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Raphael Hirtz .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Sektion Pädiatrische Endokrinologie u. Diabetologie, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ulm, Deutschland

    Martin Wabitsch

  2. Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Rheinische Kliniken der Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Deutschland

    Johannes Hebebrand

  3. Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Deutschland

    Wieland Kiess

  4. Endokrinologie und Diabetologie, Vestische Kinderklinik, Datteln, Deutschland

    Thomas Reinehr

  5. Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland

    Susanna Wiegand

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Hirtz, R., Degenhardt, F., Hinney, A., Hebebrand, J. (2022). Genetik und Gen-Umwelt-Interaktionen. In: Wabitsch, M., Hebebrand, J., Kiess, W., Reinehr, T., Wiegand, S. (eds) Adipositas bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59216-8_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59216-8_4

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