Skip to main content
Book cover

Das Fremde: Flucht – Trauma – Resilienz pp 41–54Cite as

Traumatische Kindheitserlebnisse: Häufigkeit und Folgen für die biopsychosoziale Gesundheit und Entwicklung

  • Chapter

Part of the Psychosomatik im Zentrum book series (PSZE,volume 2)

Zusammenfassung

Die Auswirkungen von traumatischen Kindheitserlebnissen auf die biopsychosoziale Gesundheit und emotionale Entwicklung sind gravierend, insbesondere bei interpersoneller Gewalt. In diesem Beitrag werden zunächst verschiedene Arten von traumatischen Erlebnissen, deren Prävalenz im Kindes- und Jugendalter sowie relevante mögliche Risiko- und Vulnerabilitätsfaktoren beschrieben. Traumatische Erlebnisse werden hierfür nach Häufigkeit (singulär vs. chronisch) und Ursache (interpersonelle vs. höhere Gewalt) unterschieden. Anschließend werden die Auswirkungen verschiedener Arten traumatischer Kindheitserlebnisse auf die biopsychosoziale Gesundheit und Entwicklung besprochen. Dabei werden sowohl Auswirkungen in der kognitiven, emotionalen und sozialen Entwicklung als auch verschiedene psychische Folgeerkrankungen wie die akute Belastungsstörung oder posttraumatische Belastungsstörung (PTBS) berichtet. Abschließend werden Herausforderungen in der Untersuchung von traumatischen Erlebnissen und PTBS bei jungen Kindern diskutiert.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-56619-0_4
  • Chapter length: 14 pages
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • ISBN: 978-3-662-56619-0
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
Softcover Book
USD   49.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
Learn about institutional subscriptions
Abb. 4.1

Notes

  1. 1.

    Die DSM-IV-Diagnosekriterien (Saß et al. 1996) werden hier wiedergegeben, da in einem Großteil der in diesem Kapitel berichteten Studien DSM-IV-Kriterien verwendet wurden. Eine historische Übersicht zur Konzeption der PTBS im DSM und in der ICD inkl. Erläuterung der unterschiedlichen PTBS-Diagnosekriterien im DSM-IV vs. DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association 2014) findet sich bei Riffer (2017).

Literatur

  • Abram KM, Teplin LA, Charles DR, Longworth SL, McClelland GM, Dulcan MK (2004) Posttraumatic stress disorder and trauma in youth in juvenile detention. Archives of general psychiatry 61(4): 403–410

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association (2014) Diagnostisches und Statistisches Manual Psychischer Störungen – DSM-5®: Deutsche Ausgabe herausgegeben von Peter Falkai und Hans-Ulrich Wittchen, Winfried Rief, Henning Saß und Michael Zaudig. Hogrefe, Göttingen

    Google Scholar 

  • Andrews L, Joseph S, Shevlin M, Troop N (2006) Confirmatory factor analysis of posttraumatic stress symptoms in emergency personnel: An examination of seven alternative models. Personality and Individual Differences 41(2): 213–224

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Beers SR, De Bellis MD (2002) Neuropsychological function in children with maltreatment-related posttraumatic stress disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry 159(3): 483–486

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Breslau N, Davis GC, Andreski P, Peterson E (1991) Traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder in an urban population of young adults. Archives of General Psychiatry 48(3): 216–222

    Google Scholar 

  • Breslau N, Peterson EL, Poisson LM, Schultz LR, Lucia VC (2004) Estimating post-traumatic stress disorder in the community: lifetime perspective and the impact of typical traumatic events. Psychological Medicine 34(05): 889–898

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Breslau N, Wilcox HC, Storr CL, Lucia VC, Anthony JC (2004) Trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder: a study of youths in urban America. Journal of Urban Health 81(4): 530–544

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Bryant RA (2006) Acute stress disorder. Psychiatry 5(7): 238–239

    Google Scholar 

  • Cheasty M, Clare AW, Collins C (2002) Child sexual abuse-a predictor of persistent depression in adult rape and sexual assault victims. Journal of Mental Health 11(1): 79–84

    Google Scholar 

  • Cloitre M, Miranda R, Stovall-McClough KC, Han H (2005) Beyond PTSD: Emotion regulation and interpersonal problems as predictors of functional impairment in survivors of childhood abuse. Behavior Therapy 36(2): 119–124

    Google Scholar 

  • Cloitre M, Stolbach BC, Herman JL, Kolk B VD, Pynoos R, Wang J, Petkova E (2009) A developmental approach to complex PTSD: Childhood and adult cumulative trauma as predictors of symptom complexity. Journal of traumatic stress 22(5): 399–408

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Cloitre M, Garvert DW, Brewin CR, Bryant RA, Maercker A (2013) Evidence for proposed ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD: A latent profile analysis. European journal of psychotraumatology 4: 20706

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Costello EJ, Erkanli A, Fairbank JA, Angold A (2002) The prevalence of Potenzially traumatic events in childhood and adolescence. Journal of traumatic stress 15(2): 99–112

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • De Bellis MD, Baum AS, Birmaher B, Ryan ND (1997) Urinary Catecholamine Excretion in Childhood Overanxious and Posttraumatic Stress Disordersa. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 821(1): 451–455

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • De Bellis MD, Keshavan MS, Clark DB, Casey BJ, Giedd JN, Boring AM, Ryan ND (1999) Developmental traumatology part II: brain development. Biological Psychiatry 45(10): 1271–1284

    Google Scholar 

  • De Bellis MD, Keshavan MS, Shifflett H, Iyengar S, Beers SR, Hall J, Moritz G (2002) Brain structures in pediatric maltreatment-related posttraumatic stress disorder: a sociodemographically matched study. Biological Psychiatry 52(11): 1066–1078

    Google Scholar 

  • Dilling H, Mombour W, Schmidt MH, World Health Organization (1991) Internationale Klassifikation psychischer Störungen: ICD-10, Kapitel V (F, klinisch-diagnostische Leitlinien. Huber, Bern

    Google Scholar 

  • Edwards VJ, Holden GW, Felitti VJ, Anda RF (2003) Relationship between multiple forms of childhood maltreatment and adult mental health in community respondents: results from the adverse childhood experiences study. American Journal of Psychiatry 160(8): 1453–1460

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Essau CA, Conradt J, Petermann F (2000) Frequency, comorbidity, and psychosocial impairment of anxiety disorders in German adolescents. Journal of anxiety disorders, 14(3): 263–279

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fairbank JA, Putnam FW, Harris WW (2007) The prevalence and impact of child traumatic stress. In: Friedman MJ, Keane TM, Resick PA (Eds) Handbook of PTSD: Science and practice, Guilford, New York, pp 229–251

    Google Scholar 

  • Fairbank JA, Fairbank DW (2009) Epidemiology of child traumatic stress. Current psychiatry reports 11(4): 289–295

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Felitti VJ, Anda RF, Nordenberg D, Williamson DF, Spitz AM, Edwards V, Marks JS (1998) Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults: The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 14(4): 245–258

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Finkelhor D, Ormrod R, Turner H, Hamby SL (2005) The victimization of children and youth: A comprehensive, national survey. Child maltreatment 10(1): 5–25

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Ford JD, Racusin R, Rogers K, Ellis C, Schiffman J, Ribbe D, Edwards J (2002) Traumatic Events Screening Inventory for Children (TESI-C) Version 8.4. National Center for PTSD and Dartmouth Child Psychiatry Research Group, Dartmouth VT

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischer G, Riedesser P (2009) Lehrbuch der Psychotraumatologie. UTB, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Garmezy N, Rutter M (1985) Acute reactions to stress. In Rutter M, Hersov L (Eds) Child psychiatry: Modern approaches , 2nd edn. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 152–176

    Google Scholar 

  • Green BL, Korol M, Grace MC, Vary MG, Leonard AC, Gleser GC, Smitson-Cohen S (1991) Children and disaster: Age, gender, and parental effects on PTSD symptoms. Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry 30(6): 945–951

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Groves BM, Zuckerman B, Marans S, Cohen DJ (1993) Silent Victims Children Who Witness Violence. JAMA 269(2): 262–264

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Herman JL (1992) Complex PTSD: A syndrome in survivors of prolonged and repeated trauma. Journal of traumatic stress 5(3): 377–391

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoven CW, Duarte CS, Lucas CP, Wu P, Mandell DJ, Goodwin RD, Musa GJ (2005) Psychopathology among New York City public school children 6 months after September 11. Archives of General Psychiatry 62(5): 545–551

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Hsu CC, Chong MY, Yang P, Yen CF (2002) Posttraumatic stress disorder among adolescent earthquake victims in Taiwan. Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry 41(7): 875–881

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Jonson-Reid M, Drake B, Kim J, Porterfield S, Han L (2004) A prospective analysis of the relationship between reported child maltreatment and special education eligibility among poor children. Child Maltreatment 9(4): 382–394

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser E (2017) Traumafolgestörungen: Erkennen, Benennen, Einordnen. In: Riffer F, Kaiser E, Sprung M, Streibl L (Hrsg) Die Vielgestaltigkeit der Psychosomatik. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, S 149–157

    Google Scholar 

  • Khamis V (2005) Post-traumatic Stress disorder among school age Palestinian children. Child Abuse and Neglect 29: 81–95

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Kilpatrick DG, Acierno R, Saunders B, Resnick HS, Best CL, Schnurr PP (2000) Risk factors for adolescent substance abuse and dependence: data from a national sample. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology 68(1): 19–30

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kilpatrick DG, Ruggiero KJ, Acierno R, Saunders BE, Resnick HS, Best CL (2003) Violence and risk of PTSD, major depression, substance abuse/dependence, and comorbidity: results from the National Survey of Adolescents. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 71(4): 692

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Koenen KC, Moffitt TE, Caspi A, Taylor A, Purcell S (2003) Domestic violence is associated with environmental suppression of IQ in young children. Development and Psychopathology 15(02): 297–311

    Google Scholar 

  • Landolt MA (2012) Psychotraumatologie des Kindesalters: Grundlagen, Diagnostik und Interventionen. Hogrefe, Göttingen

    Google Scholar 

  • Macksoud MS, Aber JL (1996) The war experiences and psychosocial development of children in Lebanon. Child development 67(1): 70–88

    Google Scholar 

  • McFarlane AC (1987) Posttraumatic phenomena in a longitudinal study of children following a natural disaster. Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry 26(5): 764–769

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meiser-Stedman R, Dalgleish T, Glucksman E, Yule W, Smith P. (2009) Maladaptive cognitive appraisals mediate the evolution of posttraumatic stress reactions: A 6-month follow-up of child and adolescent assault and motor vehicle accident survivors. Journal of abnormal psychology 118(4): 778

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Meiser-Stedman R, Smith P, Bryant R, Salmon K, Yule W, Dalgleish T, Nixon RD (2009) Development and validation of the child post-traumatic cognitions inventory (CPTCI). Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 50(4): 432–440

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Netland M (2001) Assessment of exposure to political violence and other Potenzially traumatizing events. A critical review. Journal of traumatic stress 14(2): 311–326

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Osofsky JD (1999) The impact of violence on children. The Future of Children 9(3): 33–49

    Google Scholar 

  • Perkonigg A, Kessler RC, Storz S, Wittchen HU (2000) Traumatic events and post-traumatic stress disorder in the community: prevalence, risk factors and comorbidity. Acta psychiatrica scandinavica 101(1): 46–59

    Google Scholar 

  • Pynoos RS, Frederick C, Nader K, Arroyo W, Steinberg A, Eth S, Fairbanks L (1987) Life threat and posttraumatic stress in school-age children. Archives of general psychiatry 44(12): 1057–1063

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Riffer F (2017) Zur Geschichte der Konzeption der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung. In: Riffer F, Kaiser E, Sprung M und Streibl L (Hrsg) Die Vielgestaltigkeit der Psychosomatik. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, S 139–147

    Google Scholar 

  • Saigh PA (1989) The validity of the DSM-III posttraumatic stress disorder classification as applied to children. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 98(2): 189

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saß H, Wittchen HU, Zaudig M (1996) Diagnostisches und statistisches Manual psychischer Störungen-DSM-IV. Deutsche Bearbeitung u. Einleitung von H. Sass H-U. Wittchen M Zaudig. Hogrefe, Göttingen

    Google Scholar 

  • Scheeringa MS, Zeanah CH, Myers L, Putnam FW (2003) New findings on alternative criteria for PTSD in preschool children. Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry 42(5): 561–570

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Scheeringa MS, Wright MJ, Hunt JP, Zeanah CH (2006) Factors affecting the diagnosis and prediction of PTSD symptomatology in children and adolescents. American Journal of Psychiatry 163(4): 644–651

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Schwab-Stone ME, Ayers TS, Kasprow W, Voyce C, Barone C, Shriver T, Weissberg RP (1995) No safe haven: A study of violence exposure in an urban community. Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry 34(10): 1343–1352

    Google Scholar 

  • Shonk SM, Cicchetti D (2001) Maltreatment, competency deficits, and risk for academic and behavioral maladjustment. Developmental Psychology 37(1): 3

    Google Scholar 

  • Spinazzola J, Ford JD, van der Kolk BA (2005) Survey evaluates complex trauma exposure, outcome, and intervention among children and asolescents. Psychiatric Annals 35(5): 433–439

    Google Scholar 

  • Sprung M (2017) Die Rolle der kindlichen Theory of Mind für die Diagnose und Behandlung der PTBS. In: Riffer F, Kaiser E, Sprung M und Streibl L (Hrsg) Die Vielgestaltigkeit der Psychosomatik. Springer Berlin, Heidelberg, S 169–188

    Google Scholar 

  • Sprung M (2008) Unwanted intrusive thoughts and cognitive functioning in kindergarten and young elementary school-age children following Hurricane Katrina. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology 37: 575–587

    Google Scholar 

  • Sprung M, Harris PL (2010) Intrusive thoughts and young children’s knowledge about thinking following a natural disaster. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 51 (10): 1115–1124

    Google Scholar 

  • Steinberg AM, Brymer MJ, Decker KB, Pynoos RS (2004) The University of California at Los Angeles post-traumatic stress disorder reaction index. Current Psychiatry Reports 6(2): 96–100

    Google Scholar 

  • Teicher MH, Andersen SL, Polcari A, Anderson CM, Navalta CP, Kim DM (2003) The neurobiological consequences of early stress and childhood maltreatment. Neuroscience Biobehavioral Reviews 27(1): 33–44

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Terr LC (1991) Childhood Traumas: An Outline and Overview. American Journal of Psychiatry 148: 10–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Terr LC (1992) Too scared to cry: Psychic trauma in childhood. Bisc Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Veltman MW, Browne KD (2001) Three decades of child maltreatment research Implications for the School Years. Trauma, Violence, Abuse 2(3): 215–239

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik Eggenburg und Gars am Kamp, Psychosomatischen Zentrums Waldviertel, Grafenberger Straße 2, 3730, Eggenburg, Österreich

    Priv.-Doz. Dr. Manuel Sprung

Authors
  1. Priv.-Doz. Dr. Manuel Sprung
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Manuel Sprung .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Psychosomatisches Zentrum, Eggenburg GmbH, Eggenburg, Österreich

    Friedrich Riffer, Elmar Kaiser, Manuel Sprung & Lore Streibl, ,  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Sprung, M. (2018). Traumatische Kindheitserlebnisse: Häufigkeit und Folgen für die biopsychosoziale Gesundheit und Entwicklung. In: Riffer, F., Kaiser, E., Sprung, M., Streibl, L. (eds) Das Fremde: Flucht – Trauma – Resilienz. Psychosomatik im Zentrum, vol 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56619-0_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56619-0_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-56618-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-56619-0

  • eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)