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Ernährung und Bewegung - Wissenswertes aus Ernährungs- und Sportmedizin pp 23–40Cite as

Bewegung: Gesundheit erhalten – Krankheit vermeiden

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Zusammenfassung

Jeder Mensch – ob gesund oder krank – sollte und kann sich sportlich betätigen. Körperliche Aktivität erhöht Leistungsfähigkeit, Lebensqualität und -zufriedenheit sowie Lebenszeit – bei Gesunden wie bei Patienten. Sport und Bewegung haben einen hohen Stellenwert sowohl in der Prävention als auch in der Behandlung von Krankheiten. Sport unterstützt die Erhaltung eines normalen Körpergewichts. Mindestens 150 Minuten Bewegungszeit pro Woche lautet die einheitliche Empfehlung. Als Ziel gilt, moderater, wenn möglich intensiver Sport an 5 Tagen pro Woche mit einer Dauer von 30, besser 45 Minuten. Trainiert werden sollen Ausdauer, Kraft, Koordination und Flexibilität. Die Sportarten können nach Neigung und Fähigkeiten ausgesucht werden. Patienten sollten zumindest am Anfang zur Unterstützung und Anleitung spezielle Sportgruppen in Anspruch nehmen. Sportmedizinische Untersuchungen sind zur Vermeidung möglicher Risiken sinnvoll.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Die Borgskala stellt ein einfaches Hilfsmittel zur Beurteilung der subjektiv empfundenen Trainingsintensität dar (nach Borg 2004); eine „6/7“ entspricht der Einschätzung von „sehr, sehr gering oder leicht“, eine „19/20“ dagegen „sehr, sehr stark oder anstrengend“. Die „12“ entspricht am ehesten moderater Intensität.

  2. 2.

    Das One-Repetition-Maximum gilt als das maximale Gewicht, mit dem genau nur eine einzige Wiederholung einer Übung möglich ist.

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    Christine Graf

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Graf, C. (2018). Bewegung: Gesundheit erhalten – Krankheit vermeiden. In: Ernährung und Bewegung - Wissenswertes aus Ernährungs- und Sportmedizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54027-5_2

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