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Hydrogen Storage Technologies

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Nanostructured Materials for Next-Generation Energy Storage and Conversion

Abstract

Hydrogen is considered as one of the promising alternative fuels to replace oil, but its storage remains to be a significant challenge. The main hydrogen storage technologies can be broadly classified as physical, chemical, and hybrid methods. The physical methods rely on compression and liquefaction of hydrogen, and currently compressed hydrogen storage is the most mature technology that is commercially available. The chemical methods utilize materials to store hydrogen, and hydrogen can be extracted by reversible (on-board regenerable) or irreversible (off-board regenerable) chemical reactions depending on the type of material. The hybrid methods take advantage of both physical and chemical storage methods. The most prominent hybrid method is the cryo-adsorption hydrogen storage which utilizes physisorption-based porous materials. In this chapter, all of the main hydrogen storage technologies are discussed in detail along with their limitations and advantages.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Porous materials and physisorption materials are used interchangeably throughout the text.

  2. 2.

    Excess capacity is the capacity excluding compressed gaseous hydrogen at that temperature. In other words, excess capacity is the amount of hydrogen stored because of the presence of the porous material.

  3. 3.

    Total hydrogen storage capacity reported here does not include the weight of the tank or any other balance of the plant components.

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Acknowledgment

The author acknowledges the support from the College of Engineering at the Texas A&M University – Kingsville.

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  1. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, USA

    Dervis Emre Demirocak

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA

    Ying-Pin Chen

  2. Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University–Kingsville, Kingsville, TX, USA

    Sajid Bashir

  3. Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University–Kingsville, Kingsville, TX, USA

    Jingbo Louise Liu

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Demirocak, D.E. (2017). Hydrogen Storage Technologies. In: Chen, YP., Bashir, S., Liu, J.L. (eds) Nanostructured Materials for Next-Generation Energy Storage and Conversion. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53514-1_4

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