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Future Power Systems

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Electric Energy Storage Systems

Zusammenfassung

Fossil or nuclear primary energy sources (PES) have been widely used in energy systems worldwide. The PES are finite and are forecasted to last only for the next 60 (natural gas) or 200 (hard coal) years at today’s level of consumption. However, the consumption of energy has been increasing worldwide for many years. Furthermore, an increase of CO2 emissions has been observed as a negative result of the increase in consumption, which has become evident from the global warming effect. It has become necessary to define global countermeasures to stabilize the increase in the Earth’s temperature.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all final goods and services produced in a period (quarterly or yearly). Source Wikipedia.

  2. 2.

    OECD—Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development.

  3. 3.

    The peak power in Germany in 2015 was 82 GW.

  4. 4.

    50Hertz Transmission GmbH is one of four transmissions operators in Germany (see also Fig. 1.11a). This regulation zone is characterized by very high renewable generation and relatively small demand.

  5. 5.

    This value depends on renewable technology and the geographical location of the generation devices. This value is medium for Germany: 1100 h for PV; 2100 h for wind onshore and 3500 h for wind offshore.

  6. 6.

    The peak power in the TSO 50Hertz Transmission GmbH zone is about 13 GW.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fraunhofer Institute for Factory Operation and Automation IFF, Magdeburg, Germany

    Przemyslaw Komarnicki

  2. Fraunhofer Institute for Factory Operation and Automation IFF, Magdeburg, Germany

    Pio Lombardi

  3. Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany

    Zbigniew Styczynski

Authors
  1. Przemyslaw Komarnicki
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  2. Pio Lombardi
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  3. Zbigniew Styczynski
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Komarnicki, P., Lombardi, P., Styczynski, Z. (2017). Future Power Systems. In: Electric Energy Storage Systems. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53275-1_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53275-1_1

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