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Funktionelle Rekonstruktion bei Ohrfehlbildungen

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Korrektur und Rekonstruktion der Ohrmuschel

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Zusammenfassung

Mittelohrfehlbildungen treten isoliert, aber häufig auch zusammen mit Fehlbildungen des Außenohres auf. Während bei der kleinen Fehlbildung nur die Gehörknöchelchen betroffen sind, umfasst die große Fehlbildung Minderpneumatisation des Mittelohres, den fehlenden Gehörgang sowie Deformitäten unterschiedlichen Grades der Ohrmuschel. Die große Fehlbildung kann isoliert oder im Rahmen eines Syndroms auftreten. Therapeutisch stehen neben klassischen Operationsverfahren heutzutage apparative Hörrehabilitationen von Knochenleitungshörgeräten über aktive Mittelohrimplantate bis zum Cochlea Implantat zur Verfügung, letzteres, wenn der seltene Fall einer zusätzlichen Innenohrbeteiligung auftritt. Von Anfang an wichtig ist die Versorgung mit Knochenleitungshörgeräten, die anfänglich mit einem Stirnband getragen werden. Als bedeutsam wird zunehmend die beidohrige Versorgung erkannt. Aus diesem Grund ist eine frühzeitige Entdeckung, auch der einseitigen Hörstörung, notwendig.

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  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie „Otto Körner“, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Doberaner Straße 137-139, 18057, Rostock, Deutschland

    Robert Mlynski

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    Klaus Bumm

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Mlynski, R., Schwager, K. (2017). Funktionelle Rekonstruktion bei Ohrfehlbildungen. In: Bumm, K. (eds) Korrektur und Rekonstruktion der Ohrmuschel. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-50453-6_19

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