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Bewegung und unspezifische Rückenschmerzen

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Körperliche Aktivität und Gesundheit

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Zusammenfassung

Unspezifischem Rückenschmerz, der weitaus häufigsten Art von Rückenschmerzen, kommt im Bereich des Gesundheitswesens der westlichen Industrienationen mit einer Lebenszeitprävalenz von fast 90 % eine zentrale Bedeutung zu. Trotz dieser Relevanz sind wenig belastbare Informationen zur Prävention vorhanden. Primärpräventiv ist insbesondere die Regelmäßigkeit der Bewegung relevant. In der Therapie sind primäre Ziele (1) bei akutem Schmerz die Vermeidung der Chronifizierung der Schmerzen und (2) bei subakutem und chronischen Schmerz das Erreichen der Schmerzfreiheit, um z. B. Alltagsaktivitäten wieder schmerzfrei ausüben zu können. In den letzten Jahren fand so bei der Therapie von Rückenschmerzen ein Paradigmenwechsel statt. Ein eher passiv-reaktives Vorgehen wird zunehmend durch multimodal-aktive Therapien abgelöst. Eine multidisziplinäre biopsychosoziale Therapie ist hier am erfolgversprechendsten. Aktuelle Studien belegen zudem den positiven Effekt von isolierter Bewegung im Vergleich zu einer Kontrollgruppe oder zu anderen Interventionen sowie einen positiven Effekt von Krafttraining und Koordinations- resp. Stabilisationstraining. Unter Berücksichtigung der Kontraindikationen ist somit in der Therapie chronisch-unspezifischer Rückenschmerzen primär die Bewegungstherapie indiziert.

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  1. Abteilung Sportmedizin, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Ginnheimer Landstraße 39, 60487, Frankfurt am Main

    Dr. Daniel Niederer & Prof. Dr. Dr. Winfried Banzer

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  1. Institut für Sportwissenschaften, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Deutschland

    Winfried Banzer

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Niederer, D., Banzer, W. (2017). Bewegung und unspezifische Rückenschmerzen. In: Banzer, W. (eds) Körperliche Aktivität und Gesundheit. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-50335-5_19

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-50335-5_19

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