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Auf Nanostrukturen beruhende innovative elektronische Bauelemente

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Zusammenfassung

Eine strenge Definition des Begriffs „nanoelektronisches Bauelement“ existiert bis heute nicht. Im Allgemeinen versteht man darunter jedoch elektronische Bauelemente, bei denen zumindest in einer örtlichen Dimension die Abmessungen einer „entscheidenden“ Komponente im Nanometerbereich liegen. Die Relativität dieser Definition kann man zum Beispiel anhand der Weiterentwicklung der Silizium-MOS-Technologie erläutern. Seit den frühen Anfängen dieser Technologie hat die Schichtdicke des Gate-Isolators Abmessungen im Nanometerbereich (1980 ca. 100 nm, heutzutage unter 3 nm). Vom MOS-Transistor als nanoelektronisches Bauelement spricht man aber erst, seitdem die Kanallänge Abmessungen unter 100 nm besitzt. Im Falle des Quantenpunktlasers überschreiten die Bauelementdimensionen in allen drei Raumrichtungen die Nanometerskala. Allerdings haben in diesem Fall die in die aktive Schicht eingebetteten Quantenpunkte, in welchen der für das Funktionieren des Lasers entscheidende Prozess der strahlenden Rekombination stattfindet, Nanometerdimensionen. Unter Anwendung der oben angegebenen Definition sind im Prinzip auch alle Quanteneffekt-Bauelemente als nanoelektronische Bauelemente zu bezeichnen. Im vorliegenden Kapitel beschränken wir uns hingegen auf elektronische Bauelemente, welche auf Nanoteilchen als aktives Material basiert sind. Während bei Drucklegung der ersten Ausgabe dieses Buches im Jahre 2003 die „elektronische Nanowelt“ noch gut überschaubar war, hat die Vielfalt auf diesem Gebiet in den letzten 12 Jahren zu sehr zugenommen, um hier komplett dargestellt werden zu können. Deshalb werden wir uns hier auf die Anwendungen von Kohlenstoffnanoröhren (CNTs) in elektronischen Bauelementen beschränken, und nicht die ganze Vielfalt der Bauelemente, basierend auf anderen Nanomaterialien, z. B. Graphen, Fulleren, Silizium-Nanodrähten, MoS2, etc. darzustellen.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universität Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italien

    Heinz-Christoph Neitzert

  2. Universität Paderborn, Paderborn, Deutschland

    Ulrich Hilleringmann

  3. FernUniversität Hagen, Hagen, Deutschland

    Wolfgang R. Fahrner

Authors
  1. Heinz-Christoph Neitzert
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  2. Ulrich Hilleringmann
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  3. Wolfgang R. Fahrner
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Correspondence to Wolfgang R. Fahrner .

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  1. Hagen, Germany

    Wolfgang Fahrner

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Neitzert, HC., Hilleringmann, U., Fahrner, W.R. (2017). Auf Nanostrukturen beruhende innovative elektronische Bauelemente. In: Fahrner, W. (eds) Nanotechnologie und Nanoprozesse. Springer Vieweg, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48908-6_9

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