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The Root Canal Biofilm pp 103–125Cite as

Bacterial Biofilms and Endodontic Disease: Histobacteriological and Molecular Exploration

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Part of the book series: Springer Series on Biofilms ((BIOFILMS,volume 9))

Abstract

Recent evidence brought about by morphological studies has indicated that apical periodontitis is a disease caused by or at least highly associated with bacterial biofilms. Histobacteriological studies revealed that biofilm-like structures are the main form in which bacteria infecting the root canal system are organized. Bacterial biofilms can be found in virtually all areas of the root canal system, including the main canal, apical and lateral ramifications, isthmuses, and recesses. Biofilms are very frequent in the apical part of root canals of teeth with primary or posttreatment apical periodontitis. Morphology of endodontic biofilms can vary from case to case and a unique pattern has not been established. Bacterial biofilms are expected to be even more prevalent in the root canals of teeth associated with long-standing pathologic processes, including large apical radiolucencies and cysts. The bacterial diversity associated with endodontic biofilms is broader than previously anticipated, and several culture-difficult or as-yet-uncultivated bacteria can participate in these communities. The clinician should be aware that, when performing root canal treatment or retreatment, he or she is dealing with a biofilm infection, which may be very difficult to reach and eradicate and may require special strategies for successful management.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endodontics and Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    José F. Siqueira Jr. & Isabela N. Roças

  2. Private Practice, Cetraro, Italy

    Domenico Ricucci

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  1. José F. Siqueira Jr.
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  2. Domenico Ricucci
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  3. Isabela N. Roças
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Correspondence to José F. Siqueira Jr. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. The Swedish Academy for Advanced Clinical Dentistry, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Luis E. Chávez de Paz

  2. Endodontology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA

    Christine M. Sedgley

  3. Department of Clinical Sciences Discipline of Endodontics, The University of Toronto Faculty of Dentistry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Anil Kishen

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Siqueira, J.F., Ricucci, D., Roças, I.N. (2015). Bacterial Biofilms and Endodontic Disease: Histobacteriological and Molecular Exploration. In: Chávez de Paz, L., Sedgley, C., Kishen, A. (eds) The Root Canal Biofilm. Springer Series on Biofilms, vol 9. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47415-0_5

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