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Anhang: Vektoranalysis

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Spezielle Relativitätstheorie

Part of the book series: Springer-Lehrbuch Masterclass ((MASTERCLASS))

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Zusammenfassung

Der Gradient einer Funktion f ist definiert durch

$$\text{grad}\,f=\partial_{x}f\boldsymbol{i}+\partial_{y}f\boldsymbol{j}+\partial_{z}f\boldsymbol{k},$$

wobei \(\partial_{x}=\partial/\partial_{x}\) usw. und wobei i, j und k die Vektoren der Standardbasis bezeichnen. Die Divergenz und die Rotation eines Vektorfeldes \(\boldsymbol{v}=a\boldsymbol{i}+b\boldsymbol{j}+c\boldsymbol{k}\) sind jeweils definiert durch

$$\text{div}\,\boldsymbol{v} =\partial_{x}a+\partial_{y}b+\partial_{z}c$$
(11.1)
$$\mathrm{rot}\,\boldsymbol{v} =\left(\partial_{y}c-\partial_{z}b\right)\boldsymbol{i}+\left(\partial_{z}a-\partial_{x}c\right)\boldsymbol{j}+\left(\partial_{x}b-\partial_{y}a\right)\boldsymbol{k}.$$
(11.2)

Für beliebige Vektorfelder u, v, w und Funktionen f gilt

$$\boldsymbol{u}\cdot\left(\boldsymbol{v}\times\boldsymbol{w}\right) =\boldsymbol{w}\cdot\left(\boldsymbol{u}\times\boldsymbol{v}\right)$$
(11.3)
$$\boldsymbol{u}\times\left(\boldsymbol{v}\times\boldsymbol{w}\right) =\left(\boldsymbol{u}\cdot\boldsymbol{w}\right)\boldsymbol{v}-\left(\boldsymbol{u}\cdot\boldsymbol{v}\right)\boldsymbol{w}$$
(11.4)
$$\text{rot}\left(\text{grad}\,f\right) =0$$
(11.5)
$$\text{div}\left(\text{rot}\,\boldsymbol{u}\right) =0$$
(11.6)
$$\text{rot}\left(\text{rot}\,\boldsymbol{u}\right) =\text{grad}\left(\text{div}\,\boldsymbol{u}\right)-\nabla^{2}\boldsymbol{u}$$
(11.7)
$$\text{div}\left(f\boldsymbol{u}\right) =\text{grad}\,f\cdot\boldsymbol{u}+f\,\text{div}\boldsymbol{\,u}$$
(11.8)
$$\text{rot}\left(f\boldsymbol{u}\right) =\text{grad}\,f\times\boldsymbol{u}+f\,\text{rot}\,\boldsymbol{u}$$
(11.9)

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Correspondence to Nicholas Woodhouse .

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Woodhouse, N. (2016). Anhang: Vektoranalysis. In: Spezielle Relativitätstheorie. Springer-Lehrbuch Masterclass. Springer Spektrum, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46373-4_11

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