Abstract
The idea that the weak interaction is mediated by very heavy exchange bosons was confirmed when the W and the Z bosons were detected experimentally and their properties could be measured. The Z0 boson’s properties imply a mixing of the electromagnetic and weak interactions as described by the electroweak unification theory due to Glashow, Salam and Weinberg. Necessary for a consistent description of electromagnetic and weak interactions is a concept called symmetry breaking, related to a new scalar particle. The discovery of this Higgs particle was a spectacular confirmation of the ideas and concepts behind the Standard Model.
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Notes
- 1.
Instead of the transverse momentum, one nowadays rather uses the transverse mass \(m_{t}^{2} = 2\frac{p_{t}^{\mathrm{e}^{+} }} {c} \frac{p_{t}^{\nu _{\mathrm{e}}}} {c} \,(1 -\cos \varDelta \phi (\mathrm{e}^{+},\nu _{\mathrm{e}}))\), where Δ ϕ is the opening angle between the electron momentum and the reconstructed neutrino momentum [15].
- 2.
For the rest of this section we will for simplicity ignore factors of c and \(\hslash\), as common in modern literature of high energy physics.
- 3.
An analogy is here a knitting needle which we compress with a force along its axis. For sufficiently high pressure the needle will buckle in a bent position. The arbitrary direction in which it bends can be chosen as coordinate axis.
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Povh, B., Rith, K., Scholz, C., Zetsche, F., Rodejohann, W. (2015). Exchange Bosons of the Weak Interaction and the Higgs Boson. In: Particles and Nuclei. Graduate Texts in Physics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46321-5_12
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