Abstract
Current studies of genetic influences on behavior in nonhuman primates have both expanded and confirmed studies on genetic influences on human behaviors. Many behaviors have been shown to be heritable. Most of the genetic methods have focused on candidate gene approaches, looking at associations and linkages of candidate genes identified through the human literature, with particular focus on genes in the serotonin and dopaminergic systems. An advantage of studying these systems in nonhuman primates is that it is possible to get repeated measures of expression levels of these neurotransmitters, allowing for more accurate evaluation of the effects genetic variation have on neurotransmitter activity.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Anderson TJC, Williams JT, Nair S, Sudimack D, Barends M, Jaidee A, Price RN, Nosten F (2010) Inferred relatedness and heritability in malaria parasites. Proc Biol Sci 277:2531–2540
Ariza M, Garolera M, Jurado MA, Garcia-Garcia I, Hernan I, Sánchez-Garre C, Vernet-Vernet M, Sender-Palacios MJ, Marques-Iturria I, Pueyo R, Segura B, Narberhaus A (2012) Dopamine genes (DRD2/ANKK1-TaqA1 and DRD4-7R) and executive function: their interaction with obesity. PLoS ONE 7:e41482
Bailey JN, Breidenthal SE, Jorgensen MJ, McCracken JT, Fairbanks LA (2007) The association of DRD4 and novelty seeking is found in a nonhuman primate model. Psychiatr Genet 17:23–27
Barnes NM, Sharp T (1999) A review of central 5-HT receptors and their function. Neuropharmacology 38:1083–1152
Barr CS, Newman TK, Becker ML, Parker CC, Champoux M, Lesch KP, Goldman D, Suomi SJ, Higley JD (2003) The utility of the nonhuman primate; model for studying gene by environment interactions in behavioral research. Genes Brain Behav 2:336–340
Barr CS, Newman TK, Shannon C, Parker C, Dvoskin RL, Becker ML, Schwandt M, Champoux M, Lesch KP, Goldman D, Suomi SJ, Higley JD (2004) Rearing condition and rh5-HTTLPR interact to influence limbic-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to stress in infant macaques. Biol Psychiatry 55:733–738
Barron AB, Søvik E, Cornish JL (2010) The role of dopamine and related copounds in reward-seeking behavior across animal phyla. Front Behav Neurosci 4:163
Bendesky A, Bargmann CI (2011) Genetic contributions to behavioural diversity at the gene-environment interface. Nat Rev Genet 12:809–820
Bennett AJ, Lesch KP, Heils A, Long JC, Lorenz JG, Shoaf SE, Champoux M, Suomi SJ, Linnoila MV, Higley JD (2002) Early experience and serotonin transporter gene variation interact to influence primate CNS function. Mol Psychiatry 7:118–122
Blomquist GE, Brent LNJ (2013) Applying quantitative genetic methods to primate social behavior. Int J Primatol. doi:10.1007/s10764-013-9709-5
Breed M, Sanchez L (2012) Both environment and genetic makeup influence behavior. Nat Educ Knowl 3:68
Brent LJ, Heilbronner SR, Horvath JE, Gonzallez-Martinex J, Ruiz-Lambides A, Robinson AG, Pate Skene JH, Platt ML (2013) Genetic origins of social networks in rhesus macaques. Sci Rep 3:1042
Callier S, Snapyan M, Le Crom S, Prou D, Vincent JD, Vernier P (2003) Evolution and cell biology of dopamine receptors in vertebrates. Biol Cell 95:489–502
Domschke K, Deckert J (2012) Genetics of anxiety disorders-status quo and quo vadis. Curr Pharm Des 18(35):5691–5698. Review. PMID:22632468
Fairbanks LA (2001) Individual differences in response to a stranger: social impulsivity as a dimension of temperament in vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus). J Comp Psychol 115(1):22–28. PMID:11334215
Fairbanks LA, Newman TK, Bailey JN, Jorgensen MJ, Breidenthal SE, Ophoff RA, Comuzzie AG, Martin LJ, Rogers J (2004) Genetic contributions to social impulsivity and aggressiveness in vervet monkeys. Biol Psychiatry 55:642–647
Fairbanks LA, Way BM, Breidenthal SE, Bailey JN, Jorgensen MJ (2012) Maternal and offspring dopamine D4 receptor genotypes interact to influence juvenile impulsivity in vervet monkeys. Psychol Sci 23:1099–1104
Freimer NB, Service SK, Ophoff RA, Jasinska AJ, McKee K, Villeneuve A, Belisle A, Bailey JN, Breidenthal SE, Jorgensen MJ, Mann JJ, Cantor RM, Dewar K, Fairbanks LA (2007) A quantitative trait locus for variation in dopamine metabolism mapped in a primate model using reference sequences from related species. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:15811–15816
Goenjian AK, Bailey JN, Walling DP, Steinberg AM, Schmidt D, Dandekar U, Noble EP (2012) Association of TPH1, TPH2, and 5HTTLPR with PTSD and depressive symptoms. J Affect Disord 140:244–252
Göring HH, Curran JE, Johnson MP, Dyer TD, Charlesworth J, Cole SA, Jowett JB, Abraham LJ, Rainwater DL, Comuzzie AG, Mahaney MC, Almasy L, MacCluer JW, Kissebah AH, Collier GR, Moses EK, Blangero J (2007) Discover of expression QTLs using large-scale transcriptional profiling in human lymphocytes. Nat Genet 39:1208–1216
Howell S, Westergaard G, Hoos B, Chavanne TJ, Shoaf SE, Cleveland A, Snoy PJ, Suomi SJ, Dee Higley J (2007) Serotonergic influences on life-history outcomes in free-ranging male rhesus macaques. Am J Primatol 69:851–865
Jarrell H, Hoffman JB, Kaplan JR, Berga S, Kinkead B, Wilson ME (2008) Polymorphisms in the serotonin reuptake transporter gene modify the consequences of social status on metabolic health in female rhesus monkeys. Physiol Behav 93:807–819
Jasinska AJ, Lin MK, Service S, Choi OW, DeYoung J, Grujic O, Kong SY, Jung Y, Jorgensen MJ, Fairbanks LA, Turner T, Cantor RM, Wasserscheid J, Dewar K, Warren W, Wilson RK, Weinstock G, Jentsch JD, Freimer NB (2012) A non-human primate system for large-scale genetic studies of complex traits. Hum Mol Genet 21:3307–3316
Kalin NH, Shelton SE, Fox AS, Rogers J, Oakes TR, Davidson RJ (2008) The serotonin transporter genotype is associated with intermediate brain phenotypes that depend on the context of eliciting stressor. Mol Psychiatry 13:1021–1027
Kaplan JR, Manuck SB, Fontenot MB, Mann JJ (2002) Central nervous system monoamine correlates of social dominance in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Neuropsychopharmacology 26:431–443
Krawczak M, Trefilov A, Berard J, Bercovitch F, Kessler M, Sauermann U, Croucher P, Nürnberg P, Widdig A, Schmidtke J (2005) Male reproductive timing in Rhesus macaques is influenced by the 5HTTLPR promoter polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene. Biol Reprod 72:1109–1113
Law AJ, Pei Q, Walker M, Gordon-Andrews H, Weickert CS, Feldon J, Pryce CR, Harrison PJ (2009) Early parental deprivation in the marmoset monkey produces long-term changes in hippocampal expression of genes involved in synaptic plasticity and implicated in mood disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 34:1381–1394
Lobo DS, Souza RP, Tong RP, Casey DM, Hodgins DC, Smith GJ, Williams RJ, Schopflocher DP, Wood RT, el-Guebaly N, Kennedy JL (2010) Association of functional variants in the dopamine D2-like receptors with risk for gambling behaviour in healthy Caucasian subjects. Biol Psychol 85:33–37
Lorenz JG, Long JC, Linnoila M, Goldman D, Suomi SJ, Higley JD (2006) Genetic and other contributions to alcohol intake in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Alcohol Clin Exp Res 30:389–398
McCormack K, Newman TK, Higley JD, Maestripieri D, Sanchez MM (2009) Serotonin transporter gene variation, infant abuse, and responsiveness to stress in rhesus macaque mothers and infants. Horm Behav 55:538–547
Miller-Butterworth CM, Kaplan JR, Barmada MM, Manuck SB, Ferrell RE (2007) The serotonin transporter: sequence variation in Macaca fascicularis and its relationship to dominance. Behav Genet 37:678–696
Miller-Butterworth CM, Kaplan JR, Shaffer J, Devlin B, Manuck SB, Ferrell RE (2008) Sequence variation in the primate dopamine transporter gene and its relationship to social dominance. Mol Biol Evol 25:18–28
Newman TK, Syagailo YV, Barr CS, Wendland JR, Champoux M, Graessle M, Suomi SJ, Higley JD, Lesch KP (2005) Monoamine oxidase A gene promoter variation and rearing experience influences aggressive behavior in rhesus monkeys. Biol Psychiatry 57:167–172
Noble EP, Zhang X, Ritchie T, Lawford BR, Grosser SC, Young RM, Sparkes RS (1998) D2 dopamine receptor and GABA(A) receptor beta3 subunit genes and alcoholism. Psychiatry Res 81:133–147
Nordquist N, Oreland L (2010) Serotonin, genetic variability, behaviour, and psychiatric disorders–a review. J Med Sci 115:2–10
Oler JA, Fox AS, Shelton SE, Christian BT, Murali D, Oakes TR, Davidson RJ, Kalin NH (2009) Serotonin transporter availability in the amygdala and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis predicts anxious temperament and brain glucose metabolic activity. J Neurosci 29:9961–9966
Oler JA, Fox AS, Shelton SE, Rogers J, Dyer TD, Davidson RJ, Shelledy W, Oakes TR, Blangero J, Kalin NH (2010) Amygdalar and hippocampal substrates of anxious temperament differ in their heritability. Nature 466:864–868
Ptácek R, Kuzelová H, Stefano GB (2011) Dopamine D4 receptor gene DRD4 and its association with psychiatric disorders. Med Sci Monit 17:RA215–RA220
Riddick NV, Czoty PW, Gage HD, Kaplan JR, Nader SH, Icenhower M, Pierre PJ, Bennett A, Garg PK, Garg S, Nader MA (2009) Behavioral and neurobiological characteristics influencing social hierarchy formation in female cynomolgus monkeys. Neuroscience 158:1257–1265
Rogers J, Shelton SE, Shelledy W, Garcia R, Kalin NH (2008) Genetic influences on behavioral inhibition and anxiety in juvenile rhesus macaques. Genes Brain Behav 7:463–469
Spinelli S, Chefer S, Carson RE, Jagoda E, Lang L, Heilig M, Barr CS, Suomi SJ, Higley JD, Stein EA (2010) Effects of early-life stress on serotonin(1A) receptors in juvenile Rhesus monkeys measured by positron emission tomography. Biol Psychiatry 67:1146–1153
Trefilov A, Berard J, Krawczak M, Schmidtke J (2000) Natal dispersal in rhesus macaques is related to serotonin transporter gene promoter variation. Behav Genet 30:295–301
Watson KK, Ghodasra JH, Platt ML (2009) Serotonin transporter genotype modulates social reward and punishment in rhesus macaques. PLoS ONE 4:e4156
Weiss A, King JE, Figueredo AJ (2000) The heritability of personality factors in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Behav Genet 30:213–221
Wendland JR, Lesch KP, Newman TK, Timme A, Gachot-Neveu H, Thierry B, Suomi SJ (2006) Differential functional variability of serotonin transporter and monoamine oxidase a genes in macaque species displaying contrasting levels of aggression-related behavior. Behav Genet 36:163–172
Williamson DE, Coleman K, Bacanu SA, Devlin BJ, Rogers J, Ryan ND, Cameron JL (2006) Heritability of fearful-anxious endophenotypes in infant rhesus macaques: a preliminary report. Biol Psychiatry 53:284–291
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bailey, J.N., Patterson, C., Fairbanks, L.A. (2015). Genetic Influences on Behavior in Nonhuman Primates. In: Duggirala, R., Almasy, L., Williams-Blangero, S., Paul, S., Kole, C. (eds) Genome Mapping and Genomics in Human and Non-Human Primates. Genome Mapping and Genomics in Animals, vol 5. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46306-2_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46306-2_15
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-46305-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-46306-2
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)