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Radiologic Diagnosis (CT, MRI, & PET-CT)

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Surgery for Gastric Cancer

Abstract

Stomach cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, which is more prevalent in Asian countries. Complete resection of a gastric tumor and regional lymph nodes has been considered to be the only potentially curative treatment. However, development of endoscopic procedures to treat early gastric cancer and chemotherapeutic agents to treat advanced disease provides more dedicated treatment options. Therefore, accurate preoperative staging is essential for deciding management plan and improving patient’s outcome. Computed tomography (CT) is the standard imaging modality used in preoperative tumor staging for evaluating the local tumor extent, involvement of lymph nodes, and distant metastasis. Recently, technical advances in CT using thin section thickness, optimal contrast enhancement, and multiplanar reformation have improved diagnostic performance for preoperative staging. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has not been widely used to assess gastric cancer due to its intrinsic limitations, excellent soft tissue contrast and development of rapid imaging sequences may enable MRI to be a feasible modality. Positron emission tomography (PET) with 2-[fluorine-18] fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) is a well-recognized useful diagnostic tool in clinical oncology. In particular, as FDG PET images the whole body, it is a promising tool for detecting distant metastases. In this chapter, we describe the role of CT in preoperative staging and CT findings of stomach cancer according to TNM staging. We also discuss the efficacy and the potential role of MRI and FDG PET for preoperative assessment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Nieun Seo & Joon Seok Lim

  2. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Arthur Cho

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  1. Nieun Seo
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  2. Joon Seok Lim
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Correspondence to Joon Seok Lim .

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  1. Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)

    Sung Hoon Noh

  2. Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)

    Woo Jin Hyung

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Seo, N., Lim, J.S., Cho, A. (2019). Radiologic Diagnosis (CT, MRI, & PET-CT). In: Noh, S., Hyung, W. (eds) Surgery for Gastric Cancer. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45583-8_4

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