Abstract
Disaster system, a dynamic system on the earth’s surface with complex characteristics, is composed of natural hazards, exposures, environments and disaster losses. Disaster losses and damages are consequences of the interactions of hazards, exposures and the environmental system in which disasters occur. Environments mainly refer to physical environments that are cradles for physical hazards, namely geology, landform, climate, hydrology, vegetation and soil. Exposures mainly include social and economic elements, such as population and livestock density, land use, social wealth, gross domestic products and urbanization level.
Cartographic Editors: Jing’ai Wang (Key Laboratory of Regional Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China) and Fang Lian (School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China).
Language Editor: Saini Yang (State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China).
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© 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg and Beijing Normal University Press
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Lian, F. et al. (2015). Mapping Environments and Exposures of the World. In: Shi, P., Kasperson, R. (eds) World Atlas of Natural Disaster Risk. IHDP/Future Earth-Integrated Risk Governance Project Series. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45430-5_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45430-5_1
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