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Physiologie und Pathologie des Geburtsbeginns

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Book cover Die Geburtshilfe

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Zusammenfassung

Die Geburt ist ein natürliches Geschehen, das durch den fetomaternalen Grenzbereich gesteuert wird. Als Vorbereitung auf die Geburt kommt es neben einer Auflockerung der Zervix sowie dem Verlust der Reißfestigkeit der Eihäute zu einer Zunahme der Kontraktilität des Myometriums. Als Mediatoren kommen dem Neuropeptid CRH, den Steroidhormonen Östrogen und Glukokortikoid sowie Prostaglandinen und Proteasen besondere Bedeutung zu. Mütterlicher Stress, aszendierende oder systemische Infektionen sowie Blutungen in die Dezidua können eine frühzeitige Aktivierung der fetalen HH-NNR-Achse bewirken und durch eine vorzeitige Auslösung des Geburtsgeschehens zu einer Frühgeburt führen.

Einer spontanen Geburt als natürliches Geschehen stehen mehr oder weniger indizierte Interventionen zur Schwangerschaftsbeendigung gegenüber, die unter dem Begriff der Entbindung zusammengefasst werden.

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  1. Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, Inselspital, 3010, Bern, Schweiz

    Henning Schneider

  2. AKH, Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, Abt. für Geburtshilfe und feto-maternale Medizin, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Wien, Österreich

    Hanns Helmer & Peter Husslein

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    Henning Schneider

  2. Frauenklinik, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Austria

    Peter Husslein

  3. Frauenklinik u. Poliklinik, TU, Klinikum Rechts d. Isar, München, Germany

    Karl-Theo M. Schneider

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Schneider, H., Helmer, H., Husslein, P. (2016). Physiologie und Pathologie des Geburtsbeginns. In: Schneider, H., Husslein, P., Schneider, KT. (eds) Die Geburtshilfe. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45064-2_28

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