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Live Attenuated Viral Vaccines

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Vaccine Analysis: Strategies, Principles, and Control

Abstract

The history of vaccination using live viruses extends through several centuries and is directly intertwined with the elimination of smallpox (variola major, Plotkin and Plotkin 2004). The word vaccine comes from the Latin “vaccinus” meaning “of cows”—an adjective joining variola (smallpox) and vaccinae to form cowpox (variola vaccinae, Jenner 1798; Riedel 2005) as distinct from the human disease (variola). Variola was easily transmitted, had high mortality, and for those who recovered, resulted in significant disfigurement due to scarring.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Integrative BioConsulting, LLC, 2485 Richland Ave, San Jose, CA, 95125, USA

    Mark S. Galinski

  2. MedImmune, Gaithersburg, USA

    Mark S. Galinski & Kuldip Sra

  3. Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA, 19486, USA

    John I. Haynes II & Jennifer Naspinski

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  1. Mark S. Galinski
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  2. Kuldip Sra
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  3. John I. Haynes II
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Correspondence to Mark S. Galinski .

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  1. Apex, North Carolina, USA

    Brian K. Nunnally

  2. Pfizer BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sc, Pearl River, New York, USA

    Vincent E. Turula

  3. Sitrin Solutions, Lafayette Hill, Pennsylvania, USA

    Robert D. Sitrin

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Galinski, M.S., Sra, K., Haynes, J.I., Naspinski, J. (2015). Live Attenuated Viral Vaccines. In: Nunnally, B., Turula, V., Sitrin, R. (eds) Vaccine Analysis: Strategies, Principles, and Control. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45024-6_1

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