Skip to main content
View expanded cover

Cancer Immunology pp 395–405Cite as

Nutrition, Immunity, and Cancers

Abstract

The immune system is the main defense against invading pathogens, foreign components, and cancerous cells in our body. The inflammatory cascade, including the release of proinflammatory cytokines and formation of free radicals, plays an important role in chronic diseases such as cancer. It is also well understood that nutritional and immunologic influences can occur during initiation, promotion, and progression stages of carcinogenesis. On the other hand, a number of nutritional factors such as energy-protein balance, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and antioxidants can modulate gene expression and immune responses. All these factors function differently to modulate our immune response, but all seem to have the potential to protect against cancer development and progression. Other factors such as nutritional support have played a unique role in recovery and reduction of complications from cancer and its treatment. Therefore, establishing, maintaining, supporting, and restoring healthy immune function and proper nutritional status contribute to the prevention and treatment of neoplasms.

Because cancer patients face special concerns such as malnutrition and major surgery, they often have impaired host defense mechanisms such as a reduction in neutrophil chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and a loss of monocytes, lymphocytes, and natural killer cells, which increase the morbidity and mortality rates in these cases.

In summary, recent findings show that nutrition, immunity, and cancer seem to be locked into a three-way relationship, so immunonutrition may provide a less invasive alternative to immunotherapy against cancers associated with chronic inflammation (Fig. 20.1).

Keywords

  • Celiac Disease
  • Parenteral Nutrition
  • Cancer Cachexia
  • Oral Nutritional Supplement
  • Serum Free Fatty Acid Level

These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-44006-3_20
  • Chapter length: 11 pages
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • ISBN: 978-3-662-44006-3
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
Learn about institutional subscriptions
Fig. 20.1
Fig. 20.2

References

  1. Dossus L, Kaaks R. Nutrition, metabolic factors and cancer risk. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;22(4):551–71.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Wellen KE, Hotamisligil GS. Obesity-induced inflammatory changes in adipose tissue. J Clin Invest. 2003;112(12):1785–8.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Schaffler A, Muller-Ladner U, Scholmerich J, Buchler C. Role of adipose tissue as an inflammatory organ in human diseases. Endocr Rev. 2006;27(5):449–67.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Weisberg SP, McCann D, Desai M, Rosenbaum M, Leibel RL, Ferrante Jr AW. Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue. J Clin Invest. 2003;112(12):1796–808.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Tilg H, Moschen AR. Adipocytokines: mediators linking adipose tissue, inflammation and immunity. Nat Rev Immunol. 2006;6(10):772–83.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Matsubara M, Namioka K, Katayose S. Decreased plasma adiponectin concentrations in women with low-grade C-reactive protein elevation. Eur J Endocrinol. 2003;148(6):657–62.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Il’yasova D, Colbert LH, Harris TB, Newman AB, Bauer DC, Satterfield S, et al. Circulating levels of inflammatory markers and cancer risk in the health aging and body composition cohort. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005;14(10):2413–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Tergaonkar V. NFkappaB pathway: a good signaling paradigm and therapeutic target. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2006;38(10):1647–53.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Demaria S, Pikarsky E, Karin M, Coussens LM, Chen YC, El-Omar EM, et al. Cancer and inflammation: promise for biologic therapy. J Immunother. 2010;33(4):335–51.

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Balkwill F, Charles KA, Mantovani A. Smoldering and polarized inflammation in the initiation and promotion of malignant disease. Cancer Cell. 2005;7(3):211–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Campos FG, Logullo Waitzberg AG, Kiss DR, Waitzberg DL, Habr-Gama A, Gama-Rodrigues J. Diet and colorectal cancer: current evidence for etiology and prevention. Nutr Hosp. 2005;20(1):18–25.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Brockman DA, Chen X, Gallaher DD. Consumption of a high β-glucan barley flour improves glucose control and fatty liver and increases muscle acylcarnitines in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat. Eur J Nutr. 2013;52(7):1743–53.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Green CJ. Fibre in enteral nutrition: a new era? Nutr Hosp. 2002;17 Suppl 2:1–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Bourdon I, Yokoyama W, Davis P, Hudson C, Backus R, Richter D, et al. Postprandial lipid, glucose, insulin, and cholecystokinin responses in men fed barley pasta enriched with beta-glucan. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;69(1):55–63.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Hekkens WT, Haex AJ, Seeder WA. Clinical and biochemical analysis of glutentoxicity. V. The origin of fecal fatty acids on a fat-free, gluten-free diet in patients with idiopathic steatorrhea. Gastroenterologia. 1964;101:13–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Sandhu MS, White IR, McPherson K. Systematic review of the prospective cohort studies on meat consumption and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analytical approach. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2001;10:439–46.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Norat T, Lukanova A, Ferrari P, et al. Meat consumption and colorectal cancer risk: dose-response meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Int J Cancer. 2002;98:241–56.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Langer CJ, Hoffman JP, Ottery FD. Clinical significance of weight loss in cancer patients: rationale for the use of anabolic agents in the treatment of cancer-related cachexia. Nutrition. 2001;17(1 Suppl):S1–20.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Proceedings of a conference on nutrition and immunity. Atlanta, Georgia, May 5–7, 1997. Nutr Rev. 1998;56(1 Pt 2):S1–186.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Meydani SN, Erickson KL. Nutrients as regulators of immune function: introduction. Fed Am Soc Exp Biol. 2001;15(14):2555.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Beisel WR. History of nutritional immunology: introduction and overview. J Nutr. 1992;122(3 Suppl):591–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Gogos CA, Kalfarentzos F. Total parenteral nutrition and immune system activity: a review. Nutrition. 1995;11(4):339–44.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Moulias S. Nutrition and immunity in the elderly. Ann Med Interne. 2002;153(7):446–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Keusch GT. The history of nutrition: malnutrition, infection and immunity. J Nutr. 2003;133(1):336S–40.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Longo VD, Fontana L. Calorie restriction and cancer prevention: metabolic and molecular mechanisms. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2010;31:89–98.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Schlesinger L, Arevalo M, Simon V, Lopez M, Munoz C, Hernandez A, et al. Immune depression induced by protein calorie malnutrition can be suppressed by lesioning central noradrenaline systems. J Neuroimmunol. 1995;57(1–2):1–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Vineyard KR, Warren LK, Kivipelto J. Effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acid source on plasma and red blood cell membrane composition and immune function in yearling horses. J Anim Sci. 2010;88(1):248–57.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Blot WJ, Li JY, Taylor PR, et al. Nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China: supplementation with specific vitamin/mineral combinations, cancer incidence, and disease-specific mortality in the general population. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993;85:1483–92.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Anonymous N. The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers. The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group. Engl J Med. 1994;330:1029–35.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Clark LC, Combs Jr GF, Turnbull BW, et al. Effects of selenium supplementation for cancer prevention in patients with carcinoma of the skin. Random Control Trial. JAMA. 1996;276:1957–63.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Niu ZY, Wei FX, Liu FZ, Qin XG, Min YN, Gao YP. Dietary vitamin A can improve immune function in heat-stressed broilers. Animal. 2009;3(10):1442–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Yano H, Ohtsuka H, Miyazawa M, Abiko S, Ando T, Watanabe D, et al. Relationship between immune function and serum vitamin A in Japanese black beef cattle. J Vet Med Sci. 2009;71(2):199–202.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Garland FC, Garland CF, Gorham ED, et al. Geographic variation in breast cancer mortality in the United States: a hypothesis involving exposure to solar radiation. Prev Med. 1990;19:614–22.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Garland CF, Garland FC. Do sunlight and vitamin D reduce the likelihood of colon cancer? Int J Epidemiol. 1980;9:227–31.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Hanchette CL, Schwartz GG. Geographic patterns of prostate cancer mortality. Evidence for a protective effect of ultraviolet radiation. Cancer. 1992;70:2861–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Wintergerst ES, Maggini S, Hornig DH. Contribution of selected vitamins and trace elements to immune function. Ann Nutr Metab. 2007;51(4):301–23.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Choi SW, Friso S. Vitamins B6 and cancer. Subcell Biochem. 2012;56:247–64.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Duthie SJ, Narayanan S, Blum S, et al. Folate deficiency in vitro induces uracil misincorporation and DNA hypomethylation and inhibits DNA excision repair in immortalized normal human colon epithelial cells. Nutr Cancer. 2000;37:245–51.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Duthie SJ. Folic acid deficiency and cancer: mechanisms of DNA instability. Br Med Bull. 1999;55(3):578–92.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Wickramasinghe SN, Fida S. Bone marrow cells from vitamin B12- and folate-deficient patients misincorporate uracil into DNA. Blood. 1994;83:1656–61.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Blount BC, Mack MM, Wehr CM, et al. Folate deficiency causes uracil misincorporation into human DNA and chromosome breakage: implications for cancer and neuronal damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997;94:3290–5.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Giovannucci E. Epidemiologic studies of folate and colorectal neoplasia: a review. J Nutr. 2002;132:2350S–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Eichholzer M, Luthy J, Moser U, et al. Folate and the risk of colorectal, breast and cervix cancer: the epidemiological evidence. Swiss Med Wkly. 2001;131:539–49.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Thompson JR, Gerald PF, Willoughby ML, et al. Maternal folate supplementation in pregnancy and protection against acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in childhood: a case-control study. Lancet. 2001;358:1935–40.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Fedirko V, Bostick RM, Flanders WD, et al. Effects of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on markers of apoptosis in normal colon mucosa: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Cancer Prev Res. 2009;2:213–23.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Lipkin M, Newmark H. Effect of added dietary calcium on colonic epithelial-cell proliferation in subjects at high risk for familial colonic cancer. N Engl J Med. 1985;313:1381–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Newmark HL, Wargovich MJ, Bruce WR. Colon cancer and dietary fat, phosphate, and calcium: a hypothesis. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1984;72:1323–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Van der Meer R, de Vries HT. Differential binding of glycine- and taurine-conjugated bile acids to insoluble calcium phosphate. Biochem J. 1985;229:265–8.

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Morante M, Sandoval J, Gomez-Cabrera MC, Rodriguez JL, Pallardo FV, Vina JR, et al. Vitamin E deficiency induces liver nuclear factor-kappaB DNA-binding activity and changes in related genes. Int J Vitam Res. 2005;39(10):1127–38.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Goetzl EJ. Vitamin E, modulates the lipoxygenation of arachidonic acid in leukocytes. Nature. 1980;288(5787):183–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Scott DL, Korner WF. Vitamins in the elderly. Int J Vitam Res. 1968;38(5):569–73.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Boyle P, Autier P, Bartelink H, Baselga J, Boffetta P, Burn J, et al. European code against cancer and scientific justification: third version. Ann Oncol. 2003;14(7):973–1005.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Goodwin JS, Garry PJ. Relationship between megadose vitamin supplementation and immunological function in a healthy elderly population. Clin Exp Immunol. 1983;51(3):647–53.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Mayer JJ. Aging and nutrition. Geriatrics. 1974;29(5):57–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Wardwell L, Chapman-Novakofski K, Herrel S, Woods J. Nutrient intake and immune function of elderly subjects. J Am Diet Assoc. 2008;108(12):8.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Wolfe RR, Miller SL, Miller KB. Optimal protein intake in the elderly. Clin Nutr. 2008;27((5):10.

    Google Scholar 

  57. English L, Chemali M, Duron J, Rondeau C, Laplante A, Gingras D, et al. Autophagy enhances the presentation of endogenous viral antigens on MHC class I molecules during HSV-1 infection. Nat Immunol. 2009;10(5):480–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Li F, Wang L, Burgess RJ, Weinshilboum RM. Thiopurine S-methyltransferase pharmacogenetics: autophagy as a mechanism for variant allozyme degradation. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2008;18(12):1083–94.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Cuervo AM, Macian F. Autophagy, nutrition and immunology. Mol Asp Med. 2012;33(1):2–13.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Singh R, Cuervo AM. Autophagy in the cellular energetic balance. Cell Metab. 2011;13(5):495–504.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Larrea J, Vega S, Martínez T, Torrent JM, Vega V, Núñez V. The nutritional status and immunological situation of cancer patients. Nutr Hosp. 1992;7(3):178–84.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Zoico E, Roubenoff R. The role of cytokines in regulating protein metabolism and muscle function. Nutr Rev. 2002;60:39–51.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Elia M, Van -de Bokhorst, van der Schueren MA, Garvey J, Goedhart A, Lundholm K, Nitenberg G, et al. Enteral (oral or tube administration) nutritional support and eicosapentaenoic acid in patients with cancer: a systematic review. Int J Oncol. 2006;28(1).

    Google Scholar 

  64. Elia M, Russell CA, Stratton RJ. Malnutrition in the UK: policies to address the problem. Proc Nutr Soc. 2010;69(4):470–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Fearon KC, Barber MD, Falconer JS, McMillan DC, Ross JA, Preston T. Pancreatic cancer as a model: inflammatory mediators, acute-phase response, and cancer cachexia. World J Surg. 1999;23(6):584–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Nitenberg G, Raynard B. Nutritional support of the cancer patient: issues and dilemmas. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2000;34(3):137–68.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Celaya Pérez S, Valero Zanuy MA. Nutritional management of oncologic patients. Nutr Hosp. 1999;14 Suppl 2:43S–52.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Betzler M, Gollwitzer M, Flad H, Herfarth C. The effect of parenteral nutrition on cellular immune status in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Chir Forum Exp Klin Forsch. 1979;161–4.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Tisdale MJ. Cancer cachexia. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2010;26:146–51.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Fearon K, Strasser F, Anker SD, et al. Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: an international consensus. Lancet Oncol. 2011;12:489–95.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Kern KA, Norton JA. Cancer cachexia. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1988;12:286–98.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Costa G, Bewley P, Aragon M, et al. Anorexia and weight loss in cancer patients. Cancer Treat Rep. 1981;65(Suppl 5):3–7.

    Google Scholar 

  73. Fouladiun M, Korner U, Bosaeus I, et al. Body composition and time course changes in regional distribution of fat and lean tissue in unselected cancer patients on palliative care–correlations with food intake, metabolism, exercise capacity, and hormones. Cancer. 2005;103:2180–9.

    Google Scholar 

  74. Yamagishi A, Morita T, Miyashita M, et al. Symptom prevalence and longitudinal follow-up in cancer outpatients receiving chemotherapy. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2009;37:823–30.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Tong H, Isenring E, Yates P. The prevalence of nutrition impact symptoms and their relationship to quality of life and clinical outcomes in medical oncology patients. Support Care Cancer. 2009;17(1):83–90.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Mattes RD, Curran Jr WJ, Alavi J, et al. Clinical implications of learned food aversions in patients with cancer treated with chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Cancer. 1992;70:192–200.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Ravasco P, Monteiro-Grillo I, Vidal PM, et al. Cancer: disease and nutrition are key determinants of patients’ quality of life. Support Care Cancer. 2004;12:246–52.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Van de Van der Bokhorst S, van Leeuwen PA, Kuik DJ, Klop WM, Sauerwein HP, Snow GB, et al. The impact of nutritional status on the prognoses of patients with advanced head and neck cancer. Cancer. 1999;86(3):519–27.

    Google Scholar 

  79. Stewart GD, Skipworth RJ, Fearon KC. Cancer cachexia and fatigue. Clin Med. 2006;6(2):140–3.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Fearon KC, Baracos VE. Cancer cachexia: developing multimodal therapy for a multidimensional problem. Eur J Cancer. 2008;44(8):9.

    Google Scholar 

  81. Shirai R, Kadota J, Iida K, Kawakami K, Abe K, Yoshinaga M, et al. Immunological competence and nutritional status in patients with lung cancer. Lung. 1998;176(6):363–70.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Iida K, Kadota J, Kawakami K, Shirai R, Abe K, Yoshinaga M, et al. Immunological function and nutritional status in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology. 1999;46(28):2476–82.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Dionigi P, Dionigi R, Nazari S, Bonoldi AP, Griziotti A, Pavesi F, et al. Nutritional and immunological evaluations in cancer patients. Relationship to surgical infections. J Parenter Enter Nutr. 1980;4(4):351–6.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Seike J, Tangoku A, Yuasa Y, Okitsu H, Kawakami Y, Sumitomo M. The effect of nutritional support on the immune function in the acute postoperative period after esophageal cancer surgery: total parenteral nutrition versus enteral nutrition. J Med Invest. 2011;58(1–2):75–80.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Picker H, Bichler E. Nutritional and immunological investigations in head and neck cancer patients before and after therapy. Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 1985;242(2):149–53.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Rivadeneira DE, Evoy D, Fahey 3rd TJ, Lieberman MD, Daly JM. Nutritional support of the cancer patient. CA Cancer J Clin. 1998;48(2):69–80.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Bozzetti F, Cozzaglio L, Gavazzi C, Bidoli P, Bonfanti G, Montalto F, et al. Nutritional support in patients with cancer of the esophagus: impact on nutritional status, patient compliance to therapy, and survival. Tumori. 1998;84(6):681–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Heys SD, Walker LG, Smith I, Eremin O. Enteral nutritional supplementation with key nutrients in patients with critical illness and cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Ann Surg. 1999;229(4):467–77.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Pietsch JB, Ford C, Whitlock JA. Nasogastric tube feedings in children with high-risk cancer: a pilot study. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 1999;21(2):111–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Roberge C, Tran M, Massoud C, Poiree B, Duval N, Damecour E, et al. Quality of life and home enteral tube feeding: a French prospective study in patients with head and neck or oesophageal cancer. Br J Cancer. 2000;82(2):263–9.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Heys SD, Gough DB, Khan L, et al. Nutritional pharmacology and malignant disease: a therapeutic modality in patients with cancer. Br J Surg. 1996;83:608–19.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Buijs N, van de van der Bokhorst-Schueren MA, Langius JA, et al. Perioperative arginine-supplemented nutrition in malnourished patients with head and neck cancer improves long-term survival. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92:1151–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Savarese DM, Savy G, Vahdat L, et al. Prevention of chemotherapy and radiation toxicity with glutamine. Cancer Treat Rev. 2003;29:501–13.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Souba WW. Glutamine and cancer. Ann Surg. 1993;218:715–28.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Wang Y, Jiang ZM, Nolan MT, et al. The impact of glutamine dipeptide-supplemented parenteral nutrition on outcomes of surgical patients: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2010;34:521–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Kakazu E, Kondo Y, Kogure T, Ninomiya M, Kimura O, Iwata T, Morosawa T, Iwasaki T, Shimosegawa T. Supplementation of branched-chain amino acids maintains the serum albumin level in the course of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2013;230(4):191–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Thies F, Nebe-von-Caron G, Powell JR, Yaqoob P, Newsholme EA, Calder PC. Dietary supplementation with gamma-linolenic acid or fish oil decreases T lymphocyte proliferation in healthy older humans. J Nutr. 2001;131(7):1918–27.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Gogos CA, Ginopoulos P, Salsa B, Apostolidou E, Zoumbos NC, Kalfarentzos F. Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids plus vitamin E restore immunodeficiency and prolong survival for severely ill patients with generalized malignancy: a randomized control trial. Cancer. 1998;82(2):395–402.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Takagi K, Yamamori H, Furukawa K, Miyazaki M, Tashiro T. Perioperative supplementation of EPA reduces immunosuppression induced by postoperative chemoradiation therapy in patients with esophageal cancer. Nutrition. 2001;17(6):478–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Waitzberg DL, Torrinhas RS. Fish oil lipid emulsions and immune response: what clinicians need to know. Nutr Clin Pract. 2009;24(4):487–99.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Zheng S, Steenhout P, Kuiran D, Qihong W, Weiping W, Hager C, et al. Nutritional support of pediatric patients with cancer consuming an enteral formula with fructooligosaccharides. Nutr Res. 2006;26(4):9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Fortes RC, Novaes MR, Recôva VL, Melo AL. Immunological, hematological, and glycemia effects of dietary supplementation with Agaricus sylvaticus on patients’ colorectal cancer. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2009;234(1):53–62.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Conklin KA. Dietary antioxidants during cancer chemotherapy: impact on chemotherapeutic effectiveness and development of side effects. Nutr Cancer. 2000;37(1):1–18.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Lopez I, Goudou C, Ribrag V, Sauvage C, Hazebroucq G, Dreyfus F. Treatment of mucositis with vitamin E during administration of neutropenic antineoplastic agents. Ann Med Interne. 1994;145(6):405–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Pohl H, Reidy JA. Vitamin C intake influences the bleomycin-induced chromosome damage assay: implications for detection of cancer susceptibility and chromosome breakage syndromes. Mutat Res. 1989;224(2):247–52.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  106. Zhang Y, Guan DX, Shi J, Gao H, Li JJ, et al. All-trans retinoic acid potentiates the chemotherapeutic effect of Cisplatin by inducing differentiation of tumor initiating cells in liver cancer. J Hepatol. 2013;59(6):1255–63.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  107. Piquet MA, Ozsahin M, Larpin I, et al. Early nutritional intervention in oropharyngeal cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Support Care Cancer. 2002;10(6):502–4.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. Bozzetti F. Rationale and indications for preoperative feeding of malnourished surgical cancer patients. Nutrition. 2002;18:953–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. Bozzetti F. Nutritional support in oncologic patients: where we are and where we are going. Clin Nutr. 2011;30:714–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Bozzetti F, Gavazzi C, Miceli R, Rossi N, Mariani L, Cozzaglio L, et al. Perioperative total parenteral nutrition in malnourished, gastrointestinal cancer patients: a randomized, clinical trial. J Parenter Enter Nutr. 2000;24(1):7–14.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Gentile LF, Cuenca AG, Efron PA, Ang D, Bihorac A, McKinley BA, et al. Persistent inflammation and immunosuppression: a common syndrome and new horizon for surgical intensive care. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012;72(6):1491–501.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. Vallejo R, Hord ED, Barna SA, Santiago-Palma J, Ahmed S. Perioperative immunosuppression in cancer patients. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 2003;22(2):139–46.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. Ponton F, Wilson K, Cotter SC, Raubenheimer D, Simpson SJ. Nutritional immunology: a multi-dimensional approach. PLoS Pathog. 2011;7(12):e1002223.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 62 Qarib St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, 14194, Iran

    Hassan Abolhassani MD, MPH

  2. Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden

    Hassan Abolhassani MD, MPH

  3. School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poursina St., Keshavarz Blvd., Tehran, 14155, Iran

    Niyaz Mohammadzadeh Honarvar PhD & Maryam Mahmoudi MD, PhD

  4. Department of Nutrition, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105-3678, USA

    Terezie T. Mosby MS, RD, LDN

Authors
  1. Hassan Abolhassani MD, MPH
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Niyaz Mohammadzadeh Honarvar PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Terezie T. Mosby MS, RD, LDN
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Maryam Mahmoudi MD, PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maryam Mahmoudi MD, PhD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Children's Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran, Iran

    Nima Rezaei

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Abolhassani, H., Honarvar, N.M., Mosby, T.T., Mahmoudi, M. (2015). Nutrition, Immunity, and Cancers. In: Rezaei, N. (eds) Cancer Immunology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44006-3_20

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44006-3_20

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-44005-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-44006-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)