Infections of the Posterior Segment: Cytomegalovirus Retinitis

  • Marwan A. Abouammoh
  • Hani S. Al-Mezaine
  • Ahmed M. Abu El-Asrar
Chapter
First Online:
Part of the Essentials in Ophthalmology book series (ESSENTIALS)

Abstract

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis remains the leading cause of visual loss in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has greatly reduced the incidence and prevalence of ocular morbidity. Nevertheless, high suspicion and comprehensive evaluation of the patients’ immune status is vital to provide the optimum treatment and limit visual impairment. Once clinical diagnosis has been made, prompt initiation of anti-CMV therapy as well as starting antiretroviral therapy in treatment-naïve patients is vital. Taking into consideration emerging drug resistance and possible drug-induced toxicities, optimum monitoring and management of developing complications minimize the impact on final visual outcome.

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014

Authors and Affiliations

  • Marwan A. Abouammoh
    • 1
  • Hani S. Al-Mezaine
    • 1
  • Ahmed M. Abu El-Asrar
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of OphthalmologyCollege of Medicine, King Saud University, KAUHRiyadhSaudi Arabia

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