Abstract
This chapter studies the problem of environmental security through Michel Foucault’s concept of governmentality. For Foucault, the government is ‘the conduct of conduct’ — a form of activity aimed at shaping, guiding or affecting the conduct of some person or persons. The governed is ‘a sort of complex composed of men and things.’ The relations to be governed are many: men in their relations and their links to wealth, resources, the means of subsistence and climate; men in their relations with other things, customs, habits, ways of acting and thinking, and lastly, men in their relation to accidents, misfortunes, famines, epidemics, and death. Governmental rationality aims at the ‘right disposition of things to be governed’ leading to ‘a convenient end for the governed,’ not for some common good (Foucault 1991a: 93).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
ACIA (2000a). Arctic Climate Impact Assessment Motivation. S. 5. 2000.
ACIA (2000b). Report of a meeting and workshop to plan a study of the impacts of climate change on Arctic regions, 28 February —1 March, 2000, Washington, DC, USA. pages/background.html#scoping 4. 12. 2000.
Action Plan for Northern Dimension with External and Cross-border Policies of the European Union 2000–2003 (2000). European Council, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal. Press release 9401/00, 14.6.2000.
Address of the Soviet Representative (Unofficial translation) (1989), in Consultative Meeting on the Protection of the Arctic Environment,Annex II:1–1z and Annex III:1-z5 of the Final Report, Rovaniemi, Finland, September 20–26, 989, Helsinki.
AEPS (1991). Arctic Environmental Protection Strategy. Rovaniemi, Finland.
Alta Declaration on the Arctic Environmental Protection Strategy (1997). Alta, Norway, June 12–13,1997. 26. 8. 1999
AMAP (1997). Arctic Pollution Issues: A State of the Arctic Environment Report. Oslo, AMAP.
Arctic Council Activities (2000). March 2000. http://www.arctic-council.org/ac_projects.asp 3. 4. 2001.
Bernes, C. (1996). Valoa ja kaamosta. Arktinen ympäristö pohjoismaissa. NORD 5996:24. Kööpenhamina, Pohjoismainen ministerineuvosto.
Consultative Meeting on the Protection of the Arctic Environment (1989). Report and Annex is-7, Rovaniemi, Finland, September 20–26, 5989, Helsinki.
Darier, É. (1999). ‘Foucault and the Environment: An Introduction,’ in Darier, É (ed.). Discourses of the Environment. Oxford, Blackwell.
Dreyfus, H.L. and Rabinow, P. (1982). Michel Foucault. Beyond Structuralism and Hermeneutics. Chicago, The University of Chicago Press.
European Commission (1999). A Northern Dimension for the Policies of the Union: An Inventory of Current Activities.
Finger, M. (1992). ‘New Horizons for Peace Research: Global Environment,’ in Käkönen, J. (ed.). Perspectives on Environmental Security. Aldershot, Ashgate.
Foucault, M. (1972). Archaeology of Knowledge. London, Tavistock Publications.
Foucault, M. (1991a). ‘Governmentality,’ in Burchell, G., Gordon, C. and Miller, P. (eds). The Foucault Effect. Studies in Governmentality, With two Lectures by and an interview with Michel Foucault. Chicago, The University of Chicago Press.
Foucault, M. (1991b). ‘Politics and the Study of Discourse,’ in Burchell, G., Gordon, C. and Miller, P. (eds). The Foucault Effect. Studies in Governmentality. With two Lectures by and an interview with Michel Foucault. Chicago, The University of Chicago Press.
Gordon, C. (1991). ‘Governmental Rationality: An Introduction’, in Burchell, G., Gordon, C. and Miller, P. (eds). The Foucault Effect. Studies in Governmentality. With two Lectures by and an interview with Michel Foucault. Chicago, The University of Chicago Press.
Huntington, H. (1997). Presentation at the Conference on Environmental Pollution in the Arctic. Tromso, Norway, June 4, 1997.
IPCC (1997). The Regional Impacts of Climate Change: An Assessment of Vulnerability. A Special Report of IPCC Working group II, Watson, R.T., Zinyowera, M.C. and Moss, R.M. (eds). Summary for Policymakers. http://www.ipcc.ch/pub/reports.htm 4.12.2000.
Lange, M.A., Bartling, B. and Grosfeld, K. (eds). (1999). Global changes and the Barents Sea region. Proceedings of the First International BASIS Research Conference St Petersburg, Russia, 22–25 February, 1998. Institute for Geophysics, University of Münster.
Leshukov, I. (woo). Can the Northern Dimension Break the Vicious Circle of EU-Russia Relations? A paper presented at a research seminar on the Northern Dimension, Finnish Institute of International Affairs, 24–26 August woo.
Lipponen, P. (1998). The Northern Dimension.’ Letter to President Jacques Santer, European Commission, Brussels. Helsinki 18 February 1998.
Litfin, K. (1994). Ozone Discourses. Science and Politics in Global Environmental Cooperation. New York, Columbia University Press.
Luke, T. (woo). Presentation at the Environmental Social Science Conference,University of Tampere 23–24 November woo.
Petersen, T. (1997). Presentation at the Conference on Environmental Pollution in the Arctic. Tromso, Norway, June 4, 1997.
Press Release (woo). Climate change talks suspended. Negotiations to resume during 2001.25. 11. 2000
Protecting the Arctic Environment (1990). Report on the Yellowknife Preparatory Meeting. Yellowknife, NWT, Canada, April 18–23, 1990, Ottawa.
Environmental Threats, Governmentality and Security 323
Report of Senior Arctic Officials to the Arctic Council (1998). Igaluit, Canada, September 17–18, 1998. 6.7.1999.
Russian Environmental Digest (2000a). 3–9 April woo, vol. 2. no. 14.
Russian Environmental Digest (2000b). 15–21 May 2000, vol. 2, no. 20.
Russian Environmental Digest (200Dc). 20–66 November, woo, vol. 2, no. 47.
Russian Environmental Digest (2000d). 27 March-2 April 2000, vol. 2, no. 13.
Russian Environmental Digest (2000e). 29 May-4 June, 2000, vol. 2, no. 22.
Second Conference of Parliamentarians of the Arctic Region (1996). Conference Statement. Yellowknife, Canada, March 14, 1996. index.htm, 26.8.1999.
Simons, J. (1995). Foucault & the Political. London and New York, Routledge.
Statement by the Canadian Delegation (1989). In Consultative Meeting on the Protection of theArctic Environment. Annex II:1–12 and Annex III:1–25 of the Final Report, Rovaniemi, Finland, September 20–26, 1989. Helsinki.
Statement by the Chair (1990). In Protecting the Arctic Environment. Report on the Yellowknife Preparatory Meeting. Annex 11:5, Yellowknife, NWT, Canada, April 18–23, 1990. Ottawa.
Statement by the Finnish Delegation (1989). In Consultative Meeting on the Protection of the Arctic Environment. Annex II:1–12 and Annex III:1–25 of the Final Report, Rovaniemi, Finland, September 2o-26, 1989. Helsinki.
Statement by the Swedish Delegation (1989): In Consultative Meeting on the Protection of the Arctic Environment. Annex II:1–12 and Annex 111:1–25 of the Final Report, Rovaniemi, Finland, September 2o-26, 5989. Helsinki.
UNEP (2000). UNEP Chemicals Undertakes US$ 5 Million project Funded by Global Environment Facility to Assess Persistent Toxic Substances Regionally. 20 August 2000 http://irptc.unep.ch/pops/POPs_Inc/press-releases/pressrel-zk/praugzz.htm 22.11.2000
Watson, R.T. (woo). Presentation at the Sixth Conference of Parties to the United Nations Frame- work Convention on Climate Change. The Hague, Netherlands, November 13, 2000. 4.12.2000.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Tennberg, M. (2002). Environmental Threats, Governmentality and Security in Northern Europe. In: Hedegaard, L., Lindström, B., Joenniemi, P., Östhol, A., Peschel, K., Stålvant, CE. (eds) The NEBI YEARBOOK 2001/2002. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-13181-7_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-13181-7_18
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-07700-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-13181-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive