Skip to main content

A Distributed Model of Cognitive Behaviour in Specification Understanding

  • Conference paper
Cognitive Models and Intelligent Environments for Learning Programming

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NATO ASI F,volume 111))

  • 121 Accesses

Abstract

This paper presents an engineering model of cognitive behaviour in the task of specification understanding. The model is an attempt to pesent some established hypotheses on the cognitive system functioning, in a way amenable to more precise analysis. It focuses on the control mechanisms that drive opportunistic and goal-oriented behaviours, in particular on their reactive and distributed characterization. The models proposed is based on an interpretation of the model human processor [2, 131 and described in terms of a set theoretical visual formalism, the state-graph, able to represent concurrent and distributed components. As a conclusion, in contrast to the view in which opportunistic behaviour is described as plan violation, the model suggests that opportunistic behaviour does not totally rule out goal-oriented behaviour. A number of understanding activities can operate in parallel and, to some extent, this enables the cognitive system to keep the course of actions according to plan while undertaking other cognitive activities. The model provides a plausible explanation for the mechanisms that underlie this concurrence.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Brooks, R.: Categories of programming knowledge and their application. Internat. Journal of Man-Machine Studies. 33 (3), 241–246 1990

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Card, S., Moran, T. and Newell, A.: The psychology of human-computer interaction. Lawrence Erlbaum Associate 1983

    Google Scholar 

  3. Corkill, D.: Design alternatives for parallel and distributed blackboard systems. In V. Jagannathan, R. Dodhiawala and L. Baum (eds.) Blackboard architectures and applications. Academic Press (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Détienne, F. and Soloway, E.: An empirically-derived control structure for the process of program understanding. Internat. Journal of Man-Machine Studies. 33 (3), 323–342 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Guindon, R. and Curtis, B.: Control of cognitive processes during software design: what tools are needed?. In E.Soloway and S. Iyengar (eds.) Empirical studies of programmers. First Workshop, pp. 263–269. Ablex 1988

    Google Scholar 

  6. Guindon, R.: Designing the design process: exploiting opportunistic thoughts. Human Computer Interaction. 5, 305–344 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Harel, D.: On visual formalisms. Comm. of the ACM. 31 (5), 514–530 (1988)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. Harel, D.: Statecharts: a visual formalism for complex systems. Science of Computer Programming. 8 (3), 231–274 (1987)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Hard, D. and Pnueli, A.: On the development of reactive systems. In K.R.Apt (ed.) Logics and models of concurrent systems. NATO ASI Series F, vol.13, pp. 477–498, Springer-Verlag 1985

    Google Scholar 

  10. Hayes-Roth, B.: Control issues in blackboard architectures. In V. Jagannathan, R. Dodhiawala and L. Baum (eds.), Blackboard architectures and applications. Academic Press 1989

    Google Scholar 

  11. Johnson-Laird, P.: Mental models. In M. Posner (ed.) Foundations of Cognitive Science. MIT 1989

    Google Scholar 

  12. Lewis, C.: A research agenda for the 90s in human-computer interaction. Human Computer Interaction. 5, 125–143 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Newell, A. and Card, S.: The prospects for psychological science in human-computer interaction. Human-Computer Interaction. 1, 209–242 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Schank, R.: Explanation patterns: understanding mechanically and creatively. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates 1986

    Google Scholar 

  15. Simplicio, F.: A model of cognitive behaviour in software specification understanding. Research Report 92/3, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Department of Computing (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Soloway, E. and Ehrlich, K.: Empirical studies of programming knowledge. IEEE Trans. on Software Engineering. 10 (5), 595–609 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Turski, W. and Maibaum, T.: The specification of computer programs. Addison-Wesley 1987

    Google Scholar 

  18. Visser, W.: More or less following a plan during design: opportunistic deviations in specification. Internat. Journal of Man-Machine Studies. 33 (3), 247–278 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Winograd, T. and Flores, F.: Understanding computers and cognition. A new foundation for design. Ablex 1986

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Simplicio-Filho, F.C. (1993). A Distributed Model of Cognitive Behaviour in Specification Understanding. In: Lemut, E., du Boulay, B., Dettori, G. (eds) Cognitive Models and Intelligent Environments for Learning Programming. NATO ASI Series, vol 111. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11334-9_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11334-9_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-08156-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-11334-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics