Abstract
Many types of microorganisms are known to strongly bind metal ions under certain conditions.1–8 Higher plants have also been studied.9 Although several potential binding groups are thought to exist on the complex cell wall structures of proteins and polysaccharides, binding is thought to involve primarily COOH groups at pH values less than 2,10 while diamine groups may be involved at pHs greater than 6.11 Thus, binding of most metal ions is very pH dependent.12 Generally, optimum binding is observed at a pH of around 5. Little binding is seen below pH values of 2 for most metal ions, but gold (in the form of the AuCl −4 ion) usually binds most strongly at a pH of 2. Darnall and coworkers found that certain algae were able to bind many metals, and especially precious metals such as gold, to a high degree.13,14 Some metals such as silver and mercury seem to be less affected by pH than other metals.
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Ramelow, G.J., Yao, H., Zhuang, W. (1998). Metal Ion Binding by Biomass Derived From Nonliving Algae, Lichens, Water Hyacinth Root and Sphagnum Moss. In: Wong, YS., Tam, N.F.Y. (eds) Wastewater Treatment with Algae. Biotechnology Intelligence Unit. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10863-5_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10863-5_6
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