Skip to main content

Country Default Risk and the Determinants of Sovereign Debt Discounts

  • Chapter
Sovereign Risk and Financial Crises

Abstract

In this paper, we develop a model for measuring the cost of country default risk that incorporates the possibility of a series of losses associated with periodic defaults and reschedulings as well as a definitive, loan-ending repudiation. Using data from 1986–1994 for 21 countries, we test the model as an explanatory variable for the secondary market sovereign debt discount alone and combined with the other major determinants of sovereign debt discounts suggested in the literature. We find that quantified country risk variable is significant and robust. The overall model explains over 93% of the variations in the sovereign debt discount.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Berg, A. and J. Sachs (1988) The debt crisis: structural explanations of country performance. Journal of Development Economics 29: 271–306.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boehmer, E. and W.L. Megginson (1990) Determinants of secondary market prices for developing country syndicated loans. Journal of Finance 45: 1517–1540.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bouchet, M.H., E. Clark, and B. Groslambert (2003), Country risk assessment, A guide to Global Investment Strategy, John Wiley, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Bulow, J. and K. Rogoff (1989) Sovereign debt: is not to forgive to forget? American Economic Review 79: 43–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Callier, P. (1985) Further results on countries’ debt servicing performance: the relevance of structural factors. Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv 121: 105–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, E. (1991) Cross border investment risk. Euromoney Books, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, E. (1997) Valuing political risk. Journal of International Money and Finance 16: 477–490.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, E. (2000) Agency conflict and the signalling snafu in the Mexican peso conflict of 1994. International Journal of Public Administration 23: 837–876.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, E. (2002) International finance. Thomson, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, E. and R. Tunaru (2003) Quantification of political risk with multiple dependent sources. Journal of Economics and Finance 27: 125–135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Claessens, S., and G. Pennacchi (1996) Estimating the likelihood of default from the mar- ket prices of Brady bonds. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 31: 43–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cline, W.R. (1984) International debt: systematic risk and policy response. Institute for In-ternational Economics, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dixit, A., and R. Pindyck (1994) Investment under uncertainty. Princeton University Press, Princeton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dooley, M., and M.R. Stone (1993) Endogenous creditor seniority and external debt values. IMF Staff Papers 40: 395–413.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eaton, J. and M. Gersovitz (1981) Debt with potential repudiation: theoretical and empirical analysis. Review of Economic Studies 48: 289–309.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, S. (1986) The pricing of bonds and bank loans in interntional markets: an empirical analysis of developing countries’ foreign borrowing. European Economic Review 30: 565–589.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feder, G. and R. Just (1977) A study of debt servicing capacity applying logit analysis. Journal of Development Economics 4: 25–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hajivassiliou, U.A. (1989) Do the secondary markets believe in life after debt?. Working Paper N°252, International Economics Department, The World Bank: 1–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huizinga, H. (1989) How has the debt crisis affected commercial banks? Working Paper N°195, International Economics Department, The World Bank:l-32.

    Google Scholar 

  • International Financial Statistics The International Monetary Fund, Washington DC: several issues.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karmann, A.and D. Maltritz, (2003) Sovereign Risk in a Structural Approach. Evaluating Sovereign Ability-to-Pay and Probability of Default in: Bol, G. e.a. (Ed.), Credit Risk–Measurement, Evaluation and Managment, Heidelberg/New York, pp. 91–109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kmenta, J. (1986) Elements of Econometrics. Macmillan Series in Economics Macmillan New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Macaulay, F.R. (1938) Some theoretical problems suggested by movements of interest rates, bond yields and stock prices in the U.S. since 1856. NBER New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • McFadden, D.R., R. Eckaus, G. Feder, V. Hajivassiliou, and S. O’Connell (1985) Is there life after debt? An econometric analysis of the creditworthiness of developing countries. in G.W. Smith and J. T. Cuddington eds, International Debt and the Developing Countries. The World Bank, Washington DC: 179–209.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nagy, P. (1984) Country Risk. Euromoney Publications, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ozler, S. and H. Huizinga (1991) How factors in creditor countries affect secondary market prices for developing country debt. Working Paper N° 622, International Economics Department, The World Bank: 1–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Palac-McMiken, E.D. (1995) Rescheduling, Creditworthiness and Market Prices. Avebury, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robock, S.H. (1971) Political risk: identification and assessment. Colombia Journal of World Business 6: 6–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robock, S.H. and K. Simmonds (1973) International business and multinational enterprise. R. Irwin, Homewood.

    Google Scholar 

  • Root, F. (1973) Analysing political risks in international business. In: A. Kapoor, and P.D. Grub (eds). Multinational enterprise in transition. Darwin Press, Princeton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saunders, A, (1986) The determinants of country risk. Studies in Banking and Finance 3: 2–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, A.C. (1988) International Corporate Finance. 2“d ed Ballinger, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stone, M. (1991) Are sovereign debt secondary market returns sensitive to macroeconomic fundamentals? evidence from the contemporary and interwar markets. Journal of Inter- national Money and Finance 10: 100–122.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • World Debt Tables. The World Bank, Washington DC: several issues.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Clark, E., Zenaidi, A. (2004). Country Default Risk and the Determinants of Sovereign Debt Discounts. In: Frenkel, M., Karmann, A., Scholtens, B. (eds) Sovereign Risk and Financial Crises. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09950-6_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09950-6_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-06080-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-09950-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics