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In Vitro Culture and the Production of Secondary Metabolites in Hyoscyamus reticulatus L.

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Medicinal and Aromatic Plants XII

Part of the book series: Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry ((AGRICULTURE,volume 51))

Abstract

Tropane alkaloids constitute one of the distinctive groups of secondary metabolites of the Solanaceae and many plants containing them have long been utilized for their medicinal, hallucinogenic, and poisonous properties (Evans 1979). Hyoscyamus plants are a natural source for the isolation of hyoscyamine (atropine) and scopolamine, 6–7 epoxide of hyoscyamine. Both alkaloids are of medicinal importance because of their suppressive activity on the parasympathetic nervous system. In addition, scopolamine is also applied to suppress the central nervous system, whereas hyoscyamine excites it. Ratios of hyoscyamine content to scopolamine content vary markedly between plant species. These differences result in a higher commercial demand for scopolamine than for hyoscyamine (and its racemic form atropine). Both appear in the USA in the list of the ten most used compounds of plant origin (Straus 1989). Because many tropane alkaloid-producing species accumulate hyoscyamine as the major alkaloid and scopolamine in minor quantities, it is of commercial importance to increase scopolamine content in these species (Hashimoto and Yamada 1992). Moreover, these plants also synthesize the calystegines, a pseudotropine-derived group of alkaloids, found in considerable amounts in Atropa and Hyoscyamus species, exerting a strong inhibitory activity on ß-glycosidases, which can be of great importance for cell recognition (Portsteffen et al. 1994). The latter can possibly result in treatment of some types of cancers.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria

    I. Ionkova

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  1. I. Ionkova
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  1. Graduate School of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, 113-0033, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

    Toshiyuki Nagata

  2. Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, 113-0033, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

    Yutaka Ebizuka

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Ionkova, I. (2002). In Vitro Culture and the Production of Secondary Metabolites in Hyoscyamus reticulatus L. . In: Nagata, T., Ebizuka, Y. (eds) Medicinal and Aromatic Plants XII. Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, vol 51. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08616-2_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08616-2_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-07503-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-08616-2

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