Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Account
Menu
Find a journal Publish with us Track your research
Search
Cart
Book cover

Measurement and Control of Charged Particle Beams pp 239–262Cite as

  1. Home
  2. Measurement and Control of Charged Particle Beams
  3. Chapter
Polarization Issues

Polarization Issues

  • Michiko G. Minty3 &
  • Frank Zimmermann4 
  • Chapter
  • Open Access
  • First Online: 01 January 2015

  • 3614 Accesses

Part of the Particle Acceleration and Detection book series (PARTICLE)

  • This chapter has been made Open Access under a CC BY 4.0 license. For details on rights and licenses please read the Correction https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08581-3_13

Abstract

The study of spin dynamics in synchrotrons has evolved over the years as has the desire for achieving polarized particle beams of the highest possible beam energies. A selection of reviews of the dynamics of polarized beams may be found in [1]–[9]. In this chapter, we focus on experimental data and describe spin transport in circular accelerators and transport lines. Except where explicitly mentioned, radiative effects in electron accelerators or very high energy proton accelerators are not treated here. We begin with a review of the Thomas-BMT equation for spin motion. This will be given in terms of the SU(2) spinor representation. Spinor algebra will be introduced and applied in the description of techniques used for preserving the beam polarization during acceleration through depolarizing resonances at moderate beam energies.

Keywords

  • Closed Orbit
  • Spin Motion
  • Spin Precession
  • Resonance Strength
  • Resonance Tune

These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Chapter PDF

Download to read the full chapter text

References

  1. E.D. Courant: Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 7, 33 (1962); E.D. Courant, R.D. Ruth: The Acceleration of Polarized Protons in Circular Accelerators. BNL 51270 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  2. A.W. Chao: Polarization of a Stored Electron Beam. In: Proc. 1981 Fermilab Summer School, Batavia, 1981 vol. 1, p. 395

    Google Scholar 

  3. A.W. Chao: Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 180, 29 (1981)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. A.W. Chao, K. Yokoya: An Alternative Longitudinal Polarization Scheme for Tristan. KEK 81–7 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  5. B.W. Montague: Phys. Rep. 113, 1 (1984)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. S.Y. Lee: Spin Dynamics and Snakes in Synchrotrons ( World Scientific, Singapore, 1997 )

    Google Scholar 

  7. D.P. Barber: Electron and Proton Spin Polarization in Storage Rings — an Introduction. In: Proc. Advanced ICFA Beam Dynamics Workshop on Quantum Aspects in Beam Physics ed. by P. Chen ( World Scientific, Singapore, 1999 )

    Google Scholar 

  8. G.H. Hoffstaetter: A Modern View of High Energy Polarized Proton Beams, Springer Tracts in Modern Physics, to be published

    Google Scholar 

  9. M. Vogt: Bounds on the Maximum Attainable Equilibrium Spin Polarization of Protons at High Energy in HERA. Ph.D. thesis, University of Hamburg, DESY-THESIS-2000–054 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  10. L.H. Thomas: Philos. Mag. 3, 1 (1927)

    Google Scholar 

  11. V. Bargman, L. Michel, V.L. Telegdi: Phys. Rev. Lett. 2, 435 (1959)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. J.D. Jackson: Classical Electrodynamics ( Wiley and Sons, New York, 1975 )

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. T. Roser: In Handbook of Accelerator Physics and Engineering ed. by A.W. Chao, M. Tigner, second edition (World Scientific, Singapore, Singapore, 2002 )

    Google Scholar 

  14. T. Limberg, P. Emma, R. Rossmanith: The North Arc of the SLC as a Spin Rotator. In: Proc. IEEE PAC 93, Washington, DC, 1993 ( IEEE, Piscataway 1993 ) p. 429

    Google Scholar 

  15. P. Emma, T. Limberg, R. Rossmanith: Depolarization in the SLC Collider Arcs. In: Proc. EPAC 94, London, 1994 ( World Scientific, Singapore 1994 )

    Google Scholar 

  16. T. Khoe, R.L. Kustom, R.L. Martin et al.: Part. Accel. 6, 213 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  17. E. Grorud, J.L. Laclare, G. Leleux et al.: ‘Crossing of Depolarization Resonances at Saturne (Saclay)’. In: Proc. High Energy Spin Physics(Brookhaven, 1982)

    Google Scholar 

  18. F.Z. Khiari, P.R. Cameron, G.R. Court et al.: Phys. Rev. D 39, 45 (1989)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. H. Sato, D. Arakawa, S. Hiramatsu et al.: Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 272, 617 (1988)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. A.D. Krisch, S.R. Mane, R.S. Raymond, et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 1137 (1989)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. J.E. Goodwin, H.O. Meyer, M.G. Minty et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 2779 (1990)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. J.E. Goodwin: Ph.D. dissertation, Indiana University (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  23. H. Spinka, D. Underwood, L. Ahrens et al.: ‘Commissioning and Future Plans for Polarized Protons in RHIC’. In: Proc. PAC 2001, Chicago, Illinois, 2001 ( IEEE, Piscataway 2001 )

    Google Scholar 

  24. D.P. Barber, M. Boge, H.D. Bremer et al.: Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 338, 166 (1994)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. R. Rossmanith, R. Schmidt. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 236, 231 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  26. D.P. Barber, G. Ripken: In: A. Chao, M. Tigner (eds.): Handbook of Accelerator Physics and Engineering, second edition ( World Scientific, Singapore, 2002 )

    Google Scholar 

  27. M. Böge, R. Brinkmann. Optimization of Electron Spin Polarization by Application of a Beam Based Alignment Technique in the HERA Electron Ring. In: Proc. 1995 Conf. in Accelerator Alignment, Tsukuba, Japan, 1995, p. 412

    Google Scholar 

  28. R. Brinkmann, M. Boege: Beam Based Alignment and Polarization Optimization in the HERA Electron Ring. In: Proc. EPAC 94, London, 1994 ( World Scientific, Singapore 1994 )

    Google Scholar 

  29. E. Gianfelice: Measurement of Beam Polarization and a 72°/72° Spin Matched Optics. In: HERA Accelerator Studies 2000 ed. by G. Hoffstaetter. DESY HERA 00–07 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  30. R. Assmann, A. Blondel, B. Dehning et al.: ‘Deterministic Harmonic Spin Matching in LEP’. In: Proc. EPAC 94, London, 1994 ( World Scientific, Singapore 1994 ) p. 932

    Google Scholar 

  31. A.A. Sokolov, I.M. Ternov: Soy. Phys. Dokl. 8, 1203 (1964)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. M. Froissart, R. Stora: Nucl. Instr. Meth. 7, 297 (1960)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Y. Cho, R.L. Martin, E.F. Parker et al. In: Proc. of High Energy Spin Symposium, Argonne, 1976 AIP Conf. Proc. 35(12), 396 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  34. D.D. Caussyn, Ya.S. Derbenev, T.J.P. Ellison et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 28572859 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  35. S. Tepikian, S.Y. Lee, E.D. Courant: Part. Accel. 17, 1 (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Ya.S. Derbenev, A.M. Kondratenko: In: Proc. of the 10th Intl. Conf. on High Energy Accel., Protvino, 1977 v. 2, p. 70

    Google Scholar 

  37. Ya.S. Derbenev: Part. Accel. 8, 115 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  38. K. Steffen: Note on the Choice of Siberian Snake Configurations in Proton Rings. DESY HERA 85–24 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  39. K. Steffen: Design of an Orthogonal Snake Pair for Proton Rings in the Few Gev Energy Range. DESY HERA 87–11 (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  40. K. Steffen: How to Avoid Imperfection Spin Resonances in a Protron Ring with Snakes. DESY 89–024 (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  41. E.D. Courant: Hybrid Helical Snakes and Rotators for RHIC. BNL-61920, BNLAD-133 (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  42. E. Courant, W. Fischer, A. Luccio et al.: ‘The Use of Helical Dipole Magnets in the RHIC Project’. In: Proc. Spin 96, Amsterdam, 1996

    Google Scholar 

  43. D.P. Barber, M. Boge, H.D. Bremer et al.: Phys. Lett. B343, 436 (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  44. B.W. Montague: CERN/ISR-LTD/76–2 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  45. J. Buon: Prescriptions for 90-Percent Spin Rotators in Electron Rings. LAL/RT/81–08 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  46. S.Y. Lee, S. Tepikian: Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 1635 (1986)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  47. R.A. Phelps, V.A. Anferov, B.B. Blinov et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 2772 (1997)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  48. T. Roser. In: Proc. 1990 Partial Siberian Snake Workshop, Brookhaven, NY, 1990

    Google Scholar 

  49. B. Blinov, C.M. Chu, E.D. Courant et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 1621 (1994)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  50. H. Huang, L. Ahrens, J.G. Alessi, et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 2982 (1994)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  51. M. Bai, L. Ahrens, J.G. Alessi et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 21, 4673 (1998)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. D.A. Crandell, V.A. Anferov, B.B. Blinov et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 1763, 4673 (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  53. S.Y. Lee: Prospects for Polarization at RHIC and SSC. In: AIP Conf. Proc. 224, (1991) p.35

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. DESY - MDE, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany

    Dr. Michiko G. Minty

  2. AB Division, ABP Group, CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland

    Dr. Frank Zimmermann

Authors
  1. Dr. Michiko G. Minty
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Dr. Frank Zimmermann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Open Access This chapter was originally published with exclusive rights reserved by the Publisher in 2003 and was licensed as an open access publication in November 2019 under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license if changes were made.

The images or other third party material in this chapter may be included in the chapter’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material or in the Correction Note appended to the chapter. For details on rights and licenses please read the Correction https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08581-3_13. If material is not included in the chapter’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.

Reprints and Permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Minty, M.G., Zimmermann, F. (2003). Polarization Issues. In: Measurement and Control of Charged Particle Beams. Particle Acceleration and Detection. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08581-3_10

Download citation

  • .RIS
  • .ENW
  • .BIB

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08581-3_10

  • Published: 27 August 2015

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-07914-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-08581-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Share this chapter

Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:

Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.

Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

search

Navigation

  • Find a journal
  • Publish with us
  • Track your research

Discover content

  • Journals A-Z
  • Books A-Z

Publish with us

  • Publish your research
  • Open access publishing

Products and services

  • Our products
  • Librarians
  • Societies
  • Partners and advertisers

Our imprints

  • Springer
  • Nature Portfolio
  • BMC
  • Palgrave Macmillan
  • Apress
  • Your US state privacy rights
  • Accessibility statement
  • Terms and conditions
  • Privacy policy
  • Help and support
  • Cancel contracts here

Not affiliated

Springer Nature

© 2023 Springer Nature