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Antimicrobials and Disinfectants

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Handbook of Occupational Dermatology

Abstract

Preservatives combine both antimicrobials and antioxidants and are often added to water-containing products such as skin care ointments. In general, contact allergy to preservatives is considered rare. Sensitization to preservatives is often due to the use of products on damaged skin, e.g., eczema or leg ulcers. Patients often present with symptoms of dermatitis of the hands or face. The most frequently used preservatives in cosmetics and topical drugs are parabens, imidazolinidyl urea, quaternium-15, dimethylol-dimethyl (DMDM) hydantoin, phenoxyethanol, met-hylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone, dia-zolinidyl urea, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-i,3-diol and sorbic acid (Schnuch et al. 1998). Preservatives and antimicrobials are also used in industrial products (called biocides), such as metalwork fluids.

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Authors
  1. C. Timmer
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Dermatology, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu 41 aA, 00250, Helsinki, Finland

    Lasse Kanerva M.D., Ph.D.

  2. Department of Occupational Dermatology, Karolinska Hospital, 117 76, Stockholm, Sweden

    Jan E. Wahlberg M.D., Ph.D.

  3. National Institute for Working Life, 117 76, Stockholm, Sweden

    Jan E. Wahlberg M.D., Ph.D.

  4. Klinik für Hautkrankheiten, Klinikum der FSU Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, 07740, Jena, Germany

    P. Elsner

  5. School of Medicine, University of California, Box 0989, Surge 100, 94143-0989, CA, San Francisco, USA

    Howard I. Maibach M.D.

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Timmer, C. (2000). Antimicrobials and Disinfectants. In: Kanerva, L., Wahlberg, J.E., Elsner, P., Maibach, H.I. (eds) Handbook of Occupational Dermatology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07677-4_59

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