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Comparative Animal Biochemistry pp 514–561Cite as

Glycolysis

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Abstract

The enzyme system of glycolysis (Fig. 14.1) is present in all animal cells. This pathway, together with the citric acid cycle and respiratory chain phosphorylation, is involved in the provision of energy under aerobic conditions. In contrast to other substrates, however, carbohydrates can also serve as a source of energy under anaerobic conditions. The reactions and end products of anaerobic carbohydrate catabolism vary greatly within the animal kingdom, and thus provide an especially interesting subject for comparative biochemistry. However, glycolysis should be considered not only as a source of energy but also as the starting point for the biosynthesis of important structural components, e.g. hexose phosphate for the biosynthesis of carbohydrates, dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glycerol phosphate for lipid biosynthesis, and 3-phosphoglycerate and pyruvate for the biosynthesis of various amino acids. The synthetic metabolism may constitute a considerable proportion of the total glycolytic turnover. Thus, in vertebrate liver and other lipogenic tissues, the greater part of the pyruvate arising from glycolysis and the subsequent acetyl-CoA is used in fatty acid synthesis.

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  1. Institut für Zoologie, Universität Mainz, Niklas-Vogt-Straße 25, D-55131, Mainz, Germany

    Professor Dr. Klaus Urich

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© 1994 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Urich, K. (1994). Glycolysis. In: Comparative Animal Biochemistry. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06303-3_14

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