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Anthrax Toxin

  • Chapter
Book cover Bacterial Protein Toxins

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 145))

Abstract

The virulence of Bacillus anthracis depends principally on two extracellular products, an antiphagocytic poly-γ-D-glutamic acid capsule, and a three-component protein exotoxin (Smith et al. 1955). The central role of these two virulence factors is demonstrated by the greatly reduced virulence of strains purged of either of two large plasmids, pXOl and pXO2, which encode the toxin and capsule, respectively. Furthermore, the fact that antibodies to the toxin protect animals from infection (Gladstone 1946) demonstrates that anthrax, like diphtheria and tetanus, is a strongly toxin-dependent disease. Sterne-type B. anthracis strains lacking pXO2 are effective live vaccines, because they are avirulent but still able to make toxin and induce anti-toxin antibodies (Sterne 1937).

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Authors
  1. S. H. Leppla
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  1. Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 5, 79104, Freiburg i. Br., Germany

    Klaus Aktories  & Ingo Just  & 

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© 2000 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Leppla, S.H. (2000). Anthrax Toxin. In: Aktories, K., Just, I. (eds) Bacterial Protein Toxins. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 145. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05971-5_19

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05971-5_19

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-08540-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-05971-5

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