Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) involves a variety of phenotypic changes at the posterior pole. Early-stage disease is characterized by drusen and/or irregular focal hypo-or hyperpigmentations. Late-stage phenotypes encompass choroidal neovascularization (CNV), detachments of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), tears in the RPE, and geographic atrophy.
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Holz, F.G., Pauleikhoff, D. (2004). Clinical Manifestations. In: Age-related macular degeneration. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05199-3_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05199-3_5
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