Skip to main content

Fuzzy Geodemographic Targeting

  • Chapter
Regional Science in Business

Part of the book series: Advances in Spatial Science ((ADVSPATIAL))

Abstract

Geodemographics is the analysis of spatially referenced demographic and lifestyle data, which has proved to be a major geographical marketing research tool of enormous commercial value. The rapid growth experienced by the geodemographics industry during the 1980s in both North America and Europe (Flowerdew and Goldstein, 1989) continues today at an exponential rate; projections of the market value of geodemographics for 1996 were £ 100 million, almost double that of 1995, with a far larger sum of money invested in software and decision support systems containing an embedded geodemographic component (Sleight, 1997).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Bezdek C.J. (1981) Pattern recognition with fuzzy objective function algorithms. Plenum Press, London

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Bezdek C.J., Ehrlich R. and Full W. (1984) FCM: The Fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm, Computer and Geosciences 10, 191–203

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunn J.C. (1974) A fuzzy relative of the ISODATA process and its use in detecting compact well separated clusters. Journal of Cybernetics 3, 32–57

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feng Z. and Flowerdew R. (1998a) Fuzzy geodemographics: A contribution from fuzzy clustering methods. In: Carver S. (Ed.): Innovations in GIS 5. Taylor and Francis, London, 119–127

    Google Scholar 

  • Feng Z. and Flowerdew R. (1998b) The advantage of using fuzzy classification systems in geodemographic targeting. Paper presented at MRS Business Meets Academia Workshop, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Flowerdew R. and Goldstein W. (1989) Geodemographics in practice: developments in North America, Environment and Planning A 21, 605–616

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Openshaw S. (1989) Making geodemographics more sophisticated, Journal of the Market Research Society 31, 111–131

    Google Scholar 

  • Openshaw S., Blake M. and Wymer, C. (1995) Using neurocomputing methods to classify britain’s residential areas. In: Fisher P. (Ed.): Innovations in GIS 2. Taylor and Francis, London, 97–112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Openshaw S. and Openshaw C. (1997) Artificial intelligence in geography, Wiley, Chichester.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sleight P. (1997) Targeting customers. NTC Publications, Henley on Thames

    Google Scholar 

  • Watts P. (1994) European geodemographics on the up, GIS Europe 3, 28–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Zadeh L.A. (1965) Fuzzy sets, Information and Control 8, 338–353.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

See, L., Openshaw, S. (2001). Fuzzy Geodemographic Targeting. In: Clarke, G., Madden, M. (eds) Regional Science in Business. Advances in Spatial Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04625-8_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04625-8_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-07518-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-04625-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics