Abstract
Reliability and availability analysis of repairable systems is generally performed using stochastic processes, including Markov, semi-Markov, and semi-regenerative processes. The mathematical foundation of these processes is given in Appendix A7. Equations used for the investigation of Markov and semi-Markov models are summarized in Table 6.2. This chapter investigates systematically most of the reliability models encountered in practical applications (the index S stays for system and designates the highest integration level considered). After a short introduction (Section 6.1), Section 6.2 investigates in detail the one-item structure (under very general assumptions). Sections 6.3 to 6.6 deal then extensively with basic series/parallel structures. To unify models and simplify calculations, it is assumed that the system has only one repair crew and that no further failures can occur at system down. Starting from constant failure and repair rates between successive states (Markov processes), generalization is performed step by step (beginning with the repair rates) up to the case in which the process involved is regenerative with a minimum number of regeneration states. Section 6.7 deals in depth with approximate expressions for large series/parallel structures, when independent elements or macro structures are used. Sections 6.8 to 6.10 consider systems with complex structures as well as the influence of imperfect switching and of preventive maintenance.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literatur
6 Reliability and Availability of Repairable Equipment and Systems
Ascher H., Feingold H., Repairable Systems Reliability, 1984, Dekker, New York.
Barlow R.E., Proschan F., Mathematical Theory of Reliability, 1965, Wiley, New York
Barlow R.E., Proschan F., Statistical Theory of Reliability and Life Testing, 1975, Holt Rinehart & Winston, New York.
Beichelt F., Franken P., Zuverlässigkeit und Instandhaltung — Math. Methoden, 1983, Technik, Berlin
Beichelt F., Zuverlässigkeits- und Instandhaltbarkeitstheorie, 1993, Teubner, Stuttgart.
Birolini A., “Comments on renewal theoretic aspects of two-unit redundant systems”, IEEE Trans. Rel., 21(1972)2, pp 122–123
Birolini A., “Generalization of the expressions for the rel. and availability of rep. items”, Proc. 2. Int. Conf. on Struct. Mech. in Reactor Techn, Berlin: 1973, Vol. VI, pp. 1–16
Birolini A., “Some appl. of regen. stoch. processes to reliability theory — part two: rel. and availability of 2-item redundant systems”, IEEE Trans. Rel., 24(1975)5, pp. 336–340
Birolini A., On the Use of Stochastic Proc. in Modeling Rel. Problems, 1985, Springer, Berlin (Lecture Notes in Ec. and Math. Systems Nr. 252)
Birolini A., Quality and Reliability of Technical Systems, 2nd Ed. 1997, Springer, Berlin
Birolini A., Zuverlässigkeit von Geräten und Systemen, 4th Ed. 1997, Springer, Berlin.
Bobbio A., Roberti L., “Distribution of the minimal completition time of parallel tasks in multi-reward semi-Markov models”, Performance Eval, 14(1992), pp. 239–256.
Brenner A., Performability and Dependability of Fault-Tolerant Systems, 1996, Ph. D. Thesis 11623, ETH Zurich.
Choi, C.Y. et al, “Safety issues in the comparative analysis of dependable architectures”, IEEE Trans. Rel., 46(1997)3, pp. 316–322.
Dhillon B.S., Rayapati S.N., “Common-cause failures in repairable systems”, Proc. Ann. Rel. & Maint. Symp., 1988, pp. 283–289.
Dyer D., “Unification of rel./availab. mod. for Markov syst.”, IEEE Trans. Rel, 38(1989)2, pp.246–52.
Gaede K.W., Zuverlässigkeit Mathematische Modelle, 1977, Hanser, Munich.
Gnedenko B.V., Beljajev J.K., Soloviev A.D., Mathematical Methods of Reliability Theory, 1969, Academic, New York (1968, Akademie, Berlin).
Kovalenko I., Birolini A., “Uniform exponential boundes for the availability of a repairable system”, in Exploring Stochastic laws, Homage to V.S. Korolyuk, 1995, VSP, Utrecht, pp.233–242.
Kullstam A., “Availability, MTBF and MTTR for repairable M-out-of-N Systems”, IEEE Trans. Rel., 30(1981)4, pp. 393–394.
Kumar A., Agarwal M., “A review of standby red. syst”, IEEE Trans. Rel, 29(1980)4, pp. 290–294.
Osaki S., Nakagawa T., “Bibliography for reliability and availability of stochastic systems”, IEEE Trans. Rel. 25(1976)4, pp. 284–287.
Rai S., Agrawal D.P. (Ed.), Advances in Distributed Systems Reliability and Distributed Computing Network Reliability, 1990, IEEE Press, Piscataway NJ.
Ravichandran N., Stochastic Methods in Reliability Theory, 1990, Wiley Eastern, New Dehli.
Schneeweiss W.G., “Mean time to first failure of repairable systems with one cold spare”, IEEE Trans. Rel., 44(1995)4, pp. 567–574.
Ushakov I.A., Harrison R., Handbook of Reliability Engineering, 1994, Wiley, New York.
Birolini A., Zuverlässigkeit von Schaltungen und Systemen, 4th Ed. 1982, Course at the ETH Zurich; Modelle zur Berechnung der Rentabilität der Q.- und Zusicherung komplexer Waffen-systeme, 1986, GRD, Bern; “Zuverlässigkeitssicherung von Automatisierungssystemen”, ebi, 107(1990), pp. 258–271; Quality and Reliability of Technical Systems, 2nd Ed. 1997, Springer, Berlin; Zuverlässigkeit von Geräten und Systemen, 4th Ed. 1997, Springer, Berlin;
Barlow R.E., Proschan F., Mathematical Theory of Reliability, 1965, Wiley, New York;
IEEE Trans. ReL, Special issues on: Network ReL, 35(1986)3, Reliability of Parallel & Distributed Computing Networks, 38(1989)1, Experimental Evaluation of Computer Systems ReL, 39(1990)4, Design for Reliability of Telecomm. Systems and Services, 40(1991)4.
Rai S. and Agrawal D.P. (Ed.), Advances in Distributed Systems Reliability, 1990 IEEE Press, Piscataway NJ;
Stornier H., Mathematische Theorie der Zuverlässigkeit, 2nd Ed., 1983, Oldenbourg, Munich.
Birolini A., “Some appl. of regen. stoch. proc. to rel. theory — Part one and two”, IEEE Trans. Rel, 23 (1974) 3, pp. 186–194 and 24(1975)5, pp. 336–340
Birolini A., Semi-Markoff und verwandte Prozesse: Erzeugung und Anwendungen auf Probleme der Zuverlässigkeits- und Übertragungsth, 1974, Ph.D. Thesis 5375, ETH Zurich, also in AGEN-Mitt., 18(1975), pp. 3–52;
Birolini A., “Hardware simulation of semi-Markov and related proc”, Math. & Comp. in Simul, 19(1977), pp. 75–97 and 183–191
Birolini A., On the Use of Stoch. Proc. in Modeling Rel. Problems, 1985, Springer, Berlin (Lect. Notes Ec. & Math. Systems Nr. 252)
Birolini A., Quality and Reliability of Technical Systems, 2nd Ed. 1997, Springer, Berlin
Birolini A., Zuverlässigkeit von Geräten und Systemen, 4th Ed. 1997, Springer, Berlin.
Cox D.R., “The analysis of non-markovian stoch. proc. by the inclusion of sup. variables”, Proc. Cambridge Phil Soc, 51(1955), pp. 433–441
Cox D.R., Renewal Theory, 1962, Methuen, London.
Franken P., Streller A., “Reliability analysis of complex repairable systems by means of marked point processes”, J. Appl. Prob., 17(1980), pp. 154–167
and Kirsten B.M., “Reliability analysis of complex systems with repair”, EIK, 20(1984), pp. 407–422.
Osaki S. and Hatoyama Y. (Eds.), Stochastic Models in Reliability Theory, 1984, Springer, Berlin (Lect. Notes in Ec. and Math. Syst. Nr. 235).
Solovyev A.D., “The problem of optimal servicing”, Eng. Cybernetics, 5(1970), pp. 859–868
Solovyev A.D., “Asymptotic distribution of the moment of first crossing of a high level by a birth and death process”, Proc sixth Berkeley Symp. Math. Stat. Prob., 3(1970), pp. 71–86
Solovyev A.D., “Asymptotic behavior of the time of first occurr. of a rare event in a reg. proc”, Eng. Cybernetics, 6(1971)9, pp. 1038–048.
Srinivasan S.K., Mehata K.M., Stochastic processes, 2nd Ed. 1988, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.
Störnier H., Semi-Markoff-Prozesse mit endlich vielen Zuständen, 1970, Springer, Berlin (Lect. Notes in Op. Res. and Math. Syst. Nr. 34).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Birolini, A. (1999). Reliability and Availability of Repairable Systems. In: Reliability Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03792-8_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03792-8_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-03794-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-03792-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive