Abstract
Estimation of Hg emissions to air, soil and water is the first step in the regional management and control of areas where Hg contamination is potentially significant and no clear point source of this metal exists, such as in diversified industrial parks. Sepetiba Bay basin, SE Brazil, is an example of such a situation. Over 400 industries, from oil-fired power plants to steel and non-ferrous metal manufacturing to plastics and chemicals, have been installed in the region since the late 196os. Important point sources of metals such as Cd, Zn and Pb have been identified and controlled during the past decade; no significant point source of Hg, however, has been identified in the area. Notwithstanding, Hg is a ubiquitous byproduct of many industries and is also frequently present in urban and domestic wastes (Barcellos and Lacerda 1994; Marins et al. 1996).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
ABES (1983) Catalago brasileiro de engenharia sanitaria. Associaçao Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental, Rio de Janeiro, p 165
Annema JA, Booij H, Ros JPM (1993) Emission and emission factors of heavy metals in The Netherlands. Proc 9th Int Conf Heavy Metals Environment, CEP Consultants,Toronto, pp 267–270
Barcellos C (1995) Biogeodinâmica de Cd e Zn na Baia de Sepetiba. PhD Thesis, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, 212 pp
Barcellos C, Lacerda LD (1994) Cadmium and zinc source assessment in the Sepetiba Bay and Basin. Environ Monit Assess 29: 183–199
Behrendt H (1993) Separation of point and diffuse loads of pollutants using monitoring data of rivers. Water Sci Technol 28: 165–175
Brosset C (1987) The behavior of mercury in the physical environment. Water Air Soil Pollut 34: 145–166
Chu P, Porcella D (1995) Mercury stack filter emissions from U.S. electric utility power plants. Water Air Soil Pollut 80: 135–144
Cundy AB, Croudance IW (1995) Sedimentary and geological variations in a salt marsh: mud flat environment from mesotidal Hamble estuary, southern England. Mar Chem 51: 115–132
EPA (1993) Locating and estimating air emissions from sources of mercury and mercury compounds. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 333 pp
FEEMA (1989) Qualidade de Aguas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro 1987–1989. Vol IV, Baia de Guanabara e Sepetiba. Fundaçao Estadual de Engenharia do Meio Ambiente, Rio de Janeiro, 297 pp
Fleister M, Sarofin AF, Fasset DW, Hamman P, Shacklette HT, Nisbet CT, Epstein S (1984)
Environmental impact of cadmium: a review. Environ Health Perspect 7:253-323
Forte CMS (1996) Deterininaçao das taxas de sedimentaçao na porçao nordeste da Bata de Sepetiba utilizando dataçao coin o radioisótopo “°Pb em excesso. MSc Diss, Univ Fed Fluminense, Niteroi, p 82
Gobeil C, Cossa D (1993) Mercury inputs to St Laurence estuary. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 5oa794-1797 Hutton MC, Symons C (1986) The quantities of cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic entering the U.K. environment from human activities. Sci Total Environ 57:129-150
Iverfeldt A (1991) Occurrence and turnover of atmospheric mercury over the Nordic countries. Water Air Soil Pollut 56: 261–266
Johnson MG (1987) Trace lement loadings to sediments of fourteen Ontario Lakes and correlations with concentrations in fish. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 44: 3–13
Kehrig HA (1995) Estudo da contaminaçao por mercúrio em corvinas (Micropogonias furnierii) em quatro areas costeiras do Brazil. MSc Thesis, Pontificia Universidade Católica, Rio de Janeiro, p 132
Krom MI), Kaufman A, Hornung H (1994) Industrial mercury in combination with natural Pb ’° as time-dependent tracers of sedimentation and mercury removal from Haifa Bay, Israel. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci 38: 625–642
Lacerda LD, Pfeiffer WC, Fiszman M (1987) Heavy metal distribution, availability and fate in Sepetiba Bay (SE-Brazil) Sci Total Environ 65: 163–173
Lacerda LD, Koudstaal R, Blower BT, Pfeiffer WC (1988) The Sepetiba Bay Management Study. IFIAS Research Program in Coastal Management, International Federation of Institutes of Advanced Studies, Rio de Janeiro, 68 pp
Lacerda LD, Salomons W, Pfeiffer WC, Bastos WR (1991) Mercury distribution in sediment profiles of remote high Pantanal lakes, central Brazil. Biogeochemistry 14: 71–77
Madsen PP (1981) Peat bog records of atmospheric mercury deposition. Nature 293: 127–130
Marins RV, Silva Filho EV, Lacerda LD (1996) Atmospheric mercury deposition over Sepetiba Bay, SE Brazil. J Bras Chem Soc 9: 177–181
Marins RV, Lacerda LD, Villas Boas RC (1997a) Mercury emission to Sepetiba Bay and basin, SE Brazil. Ciênc Cult (in press)
Marins RV, Lacerda LD, Gonçalves GO, Paiva EC (1997b) Effect of root metabolism on the post depositional mobilization of mercury in salt marsh soils. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 58: 733–738
Mason RP, Fitzgerald WF, Morel FMM (1994) The biogeochemistry cycling of elemental mercury: anthropogenic influences. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 58: 3191–3198
Mignon C (1993) Riverine and atmospheric inputs of heavy metals to The Ligurian Sea. Sci Total Environ 138: 289–299
Miller DR, Buchanan JM (1979) Atmospheric transport of mercury: a technical report. Monitoring and Assessment Research Centre, University of London, London 74 pp
Nriagu JO, Pacyna JM (1988) Quantitative assessment of worldwide contamination of air, water and soils by trace metals. Nature 333: 134–139
OECD (1985) Measures to reduce all man-made emissions of mercury to the environment. 1982 information exchange on mercury - summary report. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris, 314 pp
Pacyna JM (1995) Global fluxes of metals to the air. Proc loth Int Conf Heavy Metals in the Environment, CEP Consultants, Hamburg, pp 77–80
Pedlowiski MA, Lacerda LD, Ovalle ARC, Watts PPR, Silva Filho EV (1991) Atmospheric inputs of Fe, Zn and Mn to Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro. Ciênc Cult 43 380–382
Pfeiffer WC, Fiszman M, Lacerda LI) (1988) Heavy metal surveys in Brazilian coastal environments. In: Seeliger U, Lacerda LD, Patchineelam SR (eds) Metals in coastal environments of Latin America. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg New York, 297 pp
Quevauviller P, Donard OF, Wasserman JC, Martin FM, Schneider J (1992) Occurrence of methylated tin and dimethylmercury in a mangrove core from Sepetiba Bay, Brazil. Appl Organometall Chem 6: 221–228
Rasmussen PE (1994) Current methods of estimating atmospheric mercury fluxes in remote areas. Environ Sci Technol 28:2233–2241
Rekolainen S, Verta M, Liehu A (1986) the effect of airborne mercury contents in some Finnish boreal lakes. Publ Water Res Inst Finland 65: 11–20
Simola H, Lodenius M (1982) Recent increase in mercury sedimentation in a forest lake attributable to peatland drainage. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 29: 298–305
Straub CP (1989) Practical handbook of environmental control, 2nd edm. CRC Press, Boca Raton. 385 pp
Suguio K, Vieira EM, Barcelos JH, Silva MS (1979) Interpretaçäo ecológica dos foraminiferos de sedimentos modernos da Baia de Sepetiba e adjacências, Rio de Janeiro. Rev Bras Geociênc 9: 233–247
SWA (1993) Mercury emissions from municipal solid waste combustors, an assessment of the current situation in the United States and forecast of future emissions. Solid Waste Association of North America, Golden, Colorado, p 227
von Tumpling W, Wilken RD, Einax J (1993) Pathways and contaminations of mercury in the Pantanal area, Brazil. Proc Int Symp Environmental Geochemistry in Tropical Countries. Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, pp 403–406
Watts PPR (1990) Entradas fluviais de metais pesados para a Baia de Sepetiba e seu comportamento na regiäo estuarina; MSc Thesis, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, p 148
WHO (1982) Rapid Assessment of Air, Water and Land Pollution. World Health Organization, Geneva, p 181
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Marins, R.V., Lacerda, L.D., Boas, R.C.V. (1999). Relative Importance of Non-Point Sources of Mercury to an Industrialized Coastal System, Sepetiba Bay, SE Brazil. In: Ebinghaus, R., Turner, R.R., de Lacerda, L.D., Vasiliev, O., Salomons, W. (eds) Mercury Contaminated Sites. Environmental Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03754-6_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03754-6_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-08354-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-03754-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive