Abstract
The third stage of Karl Polanyi’s Great Transformation — in which markets become embedded in a democratic system (Polanyi 1957, pp. 237 ff.) — is no longer thought irreversible. During the first quarter of a century following the Second World War, it had seemed that this stage was here to stay. Then the oil crisis came, and the breakdown of the Bretton Woods system with it (Scharpf 1996 c, pp. 214 ff.). The current economic and political scene presents a sharp contrast to the institutions of the first postwar decades, for it exhibits strong tendencies towards disembedding markets (Cerny 1994, pp. 334 ff.), non-simultaneous de-nationalisation (Zürn 1992, pp. 490 ff., Zürn 1995, pp. 150 ff.) and neo-voluntarism (Streeck 1996, 64 ff.). Furthermore, the need for an unaccountable European central bank has been met with normative acceptance (Arndt 1996, pp. 208 ff.).
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Gustavsson, S. (1998). Double Asymmetry as Normative Challenge. In: Føllesdal, A., Koslowski, P. (eds) Democracy and the European Union. Studies in Economic Ethics and Philosophy. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03622-8_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03622-8_6
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