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Flowering Plants · Monocotyledons pp 74–99Cite as

Bromeliaceae

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Part of the The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants book series (FAMILIES GENERA,volume 4)

Abstract

Perennial rosette herbs with a short axis, more rarely with an elongated stem, or rosette trees, from few centimeters to more than 10m, terrestrial, saxicolous, or epiphytic. Roots absorbing in terrestrials, modified to holdfasts in epiphytes and epilithes, rarely lacking. Leaves spirally arranged, dilated-sheathing at the base, undivided, entire or spinose-serrate, usually bearing peltate trichomes at least when young. Stipules lacking. Inflorescence terminal, often becoming pseudolateral by sympodial growth, scapose or sessile, compound or simple, usually bearing brightly colored conspicuous flower bracts or “petaloid” scape bracts. Flowers perfect or sometimes functionally unisexual (all Hechtia, Catopsis p.p.), usually actinomorphic. Perianth heterochlamydeous, the 3 sepals and 3 petals free or connate, the petals often with scalelike basal appendages and/or longitudinal callosities. Stamens 3 + 3; filaments free, or joined to the petals and/or to each other; anthers introrse, bithecal, 4-loculate, latrorsely dehiscent. Ovary superior to inferior, 3-carpellate, 3-loculate; placentae axile, extending the length of the ovary or variously reduced; ovules anatropous, naked or with a chalazal appendage; style 1, stigma usually 3-lobed; septal nectaries always present. Fruit usually a septicidal capsule or baccate; seeds winged, plumose, or naked; embryo small, cylindrical, situated laterally at the base of the copious starchy endosperm.

Keywords

  • Leaf Blade
  • Floral Bract
  • Open Slope
  • Apical Appendage
  • Flower Sessile

These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Deceased.

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Authors
  1. L. B. Smith
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  2. W. Till
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  1. Institut für Allgemeine Botanik und Botanischer Garten, Ohnhorststraße 18, 22609, Hamburg, Germany

    Professor Dr. Klaus Kubitzki

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Smith, L.B., Till, W. (1998). Bromeliaceae. In: Kubitzki, K. (eds) Flowering Plants · Monocotyledons. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, vol 4. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03531-3_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03531-3_8

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