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Impact on Marine Ecosystems

  • Conference paper
Solar Ultraviolet Radiation

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASII,volume 52))

Abstract

Aquatic ecosystems are responsible for about 50% of the biomass productivity on our planet (Houghton and Woodwell, 1989; Siegenthaler and Sarmiento, 1993). The major share is represented by marine systems since freshwater habitats occupy only about 0.5% of the total water surface. The latter should not be neglected, however, since they may be of local importance and can also serve as valuable model systems as shown in a recent review volume (Williamson and Zagarese, 1995). The main primary producers of biomass in aquatic ecosystems are phytoplankton which are artificially subdivided into size classes: macroplankton (>100 μm), microplankton (70–100 μm). nanoplankton (5–70 μm) and ultraplankton (<5 μm). The organisms belong to almost all major groups of algae. With a few exceptions macroalgae are sessile and thus restricted to coastal areas. Despite of this they have their share in the primary productivity and are of commercial value since several million tons of seaweed are harvested each year for the production of food and colloids. The primary producers form the basis of the intricate food web in marine ecosystems on which almost all primary and secondary consumers depend for food. Another important component ill the aquatic ecosystems is the bacterioplankton which are responsible for degradation and mineralization of organic matter: the organic matter bound in bacterioplankton may amount to as much as 40% (Herndl et al., 1993). Recent studies have also revealed large populations of viral particles (l07 per ml) in the oceans, the significance of which is unclear.

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  1. Institut für Botanik und Pharmazeutische Biologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Staudtstr. 5, D-91058, Erlangen, Fed. Rep. Germany

    D.-P. Häder

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  1. Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 149, 540 06, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Christos S. Zerefos  & Alkiviadis F. Bais  & 

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Häder, DP. (1997). Impact on Marine Ecosystems. In: Zerefos, C.S., Bais, A.F. (eds) Solar Ultraviolet Radiation. NATO ASI Series, vol 52. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03375-3_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03375-3_16

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