Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy

  • Chapter
Book cover Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences ((SSSOL,volume 82))

Abstract

It has already been pointed out in Chap.1 that photoemission experiments can also be performed in a reversed mode, namely by sending electrons of varying energy onto a sample and detecting the photons that are thereby produced by them (Bremsstrahlung) [9.1]. If only photons of one particular energy are detected, which is a common measuring mode, the technique is called Bremsstrahlung Isochromate Spectroscopy (BIS) and, a little misleadingly, this term is sometimes used to characterize the IPES technique in general. For the sake of accuracy, the technique as such — sending electrons onto a sample and detecting the photons produced in the Bremsstrahlung process — will henceforth be called Inverse PhotoElectron Spectroscopy (IPES) and only the mode in which the photon detection energy is kept constant while varying the energy of the incoming electrons will be called BIS.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. W. Duane, F.L. Hunt: Phys. Rev. 6, 166 (1915)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. H. Claus, K. Ulmer: Z. Phys. 173, 462 (1963)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. H. Merz, K. Ulmer: Z. Phys. 197, 409 (1966)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. H. Rempp: Z. Phys. 267, 181 (1974)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. K. Ulmer: In Band Structure Spectroscopy of Metals and Alloys, ed. by D.J. Fabian, L.M. Watson (Academic, New York 1973)

    Google Scholar 

  6. H. Scheidt: Fortsch. Phys. 31, 357 (1983)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. G. Böhm, K. Ulmer: Z. Phys. 228, 473 (1969)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. J.K. Lang, Y. Baer: Rev. Sci. Instrum. 50, 221 (1979)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. V. Dose: Appl. Phys. 14, 117 (1977)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. G. Denninger, V. Dose, H. Scheidt: Appl. Phys. 18, 375 (1979)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. K. Desinger, V. Dose, M. Glöbl, H. Scheidt: Solid State Commun. 49, 479 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. N. Bahke, W. Drube, I. Schäfer, M. Skibowski: J. Phys. E 18, 158 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. G. Chauvet, R. Baptist: J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 24, 255 (1981)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Th. Fauster, F.J. Himpsel, J.J. Donelson, A. Marx: Rev. Sci. Instrum. 54, 68 (1983)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. V. Dose: J. Phys. Chem. 88, 1683 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. G. Denninger, V. Dose, H.P. Bonzel: Phys. Rev. Lett. 48, 279 (1982)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. A. Kovacs, P.O. Nilsson, J. Kanski: Phys. Scr. 25, 791 (1982)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. D.P. Woodruff, P.D. Johnson, N.V. Smith: J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 1, 1104 (1983)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. M. Conrad, V. Dose, Th. Fauster, H. Scheidt: Appl. Phys. 20, 37 (1979)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. V. Dose, H.J. Grossman, D. Straub: Phys. Rev. Lett. 47, 608 (1981)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. V. Dose, M. Glöbl, H. Scheidt: J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 1, 1115 (1983)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. P. Weibel, M. Grioni, D. Malterre, B. Dardel, Y. Baer Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 1252 (1994). Showing that the analogue to resonance PES (Sect. 3.2.1) can be found in IPES if the incoming electrons energy is able to scatter a core electron into an empty valence-band state

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. J.K. Lang, Y. Baer, P.A. Cox: J. Phys. Metal. Phys. 11, 121 (1981)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. J.C. Fuggle, J.E. Inglesfield (eds.): Unoccupied Electronic States, Topics Appl. Phys., Vol.69 (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1992)

    Google Scholar 

  25. D.v.d. Marel, G.A. Sawatzky, R. Zeller, F.U. Hillebrecht, J.C. Fuggle: Solid State Commun. 50, 47 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. D. Malterre, M. Grioni, P. Weibel, Y. Baer: Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 2656 (1992)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. V. Dose: Progr. Surf. Sci. 13, 225 (1983);

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. V. Dose: J. Chem. Phys. 88, 1681 (1984);

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. V. Dose: Surf. Sci. Rep. 5, 337 (1985);

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. V. Dose: J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 5, 2032 (1987)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. F.J. Himpsel, Th. Fauster: J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 2, 815 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. V. Dose: Appl. Surf. Sci. 22/23, 338 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. N.V. Smith: Vacuum 33, 803 (1983);

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. N.V. Smith: Rep. Prog. Phys. 51, 1227 (1988)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. B. Reihl: Surf. Sci. 162, 1 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. N.V. Smith, D.P. Woodruff: Prog. Surf. Sci. 21, 295 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. F.J. Himpsel: Comments Cond. Mat. Phys. 12, 199 (1986);

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. F.J. Himpsel: Surf. Sci. Reports 12, 1 (1990)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Th. Fauster, V. Dose: In: Chemistry and Physics of Solid Surfaces, VI, ed. by R. Vanselow, R. Howe (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1986)

    Google Scholar 

  40. G. Borstel, G. Thörner: Surf. Sci. Rep. 8, 1 (1988)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. I. Tamm: Z. Phys. 76, 848 (1932), see also Physikalische Zeitschrift der früheren Sowjetunion 1, 733 (1932)

    Google Scholar 

  42. W. Shockley: Phys. Rev. 56, 317 (1939)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. P. Heimann, J. Hermanson, H. Miosga, H. Neddermeyer: Phys. Rev. B 20, 3059 (1979)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. P. Heimann, J. Hermanson, H. Miosga, H. Neddermeyer: Phys. Rev. Lett. 43, 1757 (1979)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. R.G. Jordan, G.S. Sohal: J. Phys. C 15, L663 (1982)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. H. Asonen, M. Lindroos, M. Pessa, R. Prasad, R.S. Rao, A. Bansil: Phys. Rev. B 25, 7075 (1982)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. D. Westphal, A. Goldmann: Surf. Sci. 95, L249 (1980)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. A. Goldmann, E. Bartels: Surf. Sci. 122, L629 (1982)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. F.J. Arlinghaus, J.G. Gay, J.R. Smith: Phys. Rev. B 23, 5152 (1981), and references therein

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. P.M. Echenique, J.B. Pendry: J. Phys. C 11, 2065 (1978)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. N.V. Smith: Phys. Rev. B 32, 3549 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. D.P. Woodruff, S.L. Hubert, P.D. Johnson, N.V. Smith: Phys. Rev. B 31, 4046 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. A. Goldmann, V. Dose, G. Borstel: Phys. Rev. B 32, 1971 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. For a review of the experimental results on image potential states in Cu, see M. Grass, J. Braun, G. Borstel, R. Schneider, H. Dürr, Th. Fauster, V. Dose: J. Phys. Condens. Matter 5, 599 (1993)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. G. Thörner, G. Borstel, V. Dose, J. Rogozik: Surf. Sci. 157, L379 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. W. Altmann, V. Dose, A. Goldmann, U. Kolac, J. Rogozik: Phys. Rev. B 29, 3015 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. R.S. Williams, P.S. Wehner, G. Apai, J. Stoehr, D.A. Shirley, S.P. Kowalczyk: J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 12, 477 (1977)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. V. Dose, W. Altmann, A. Goldmann, U. Kolac, J. Rogozik: Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 1919 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. W. Steinmann: Appl. Phys. A 49, 365 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. W. Steinmann, Th. Fauster: In Laser Spectroscopy and Photochemistry on Metal Surfaces, ed. by H.L. Dai, W. Ho (World Scientific, Singapore 1993)

    Google Scholar 

  61. N.V. Smith, C.T. Chen, M. Weinert: Phys. Rev. B 40, 7565 (1989)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. S. Yang, K. Garrison, R.A. Bartynski: Phys. Rev. B 43, 2025 (1991)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. S. Schuppler, N. Fischer, W. Steinmann, R. Schneider, E. Bertel: Phys. Rev. B 42, 9403 (1990)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. N. Fischer, S. Schuppler, Th. Fauster, W. Steinmann: Phys. Rev. B 42, 9717 (1990)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. D. Straub, F.J. Himpsel: Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 1922 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. D. Straub, F.J. Himpsel: Phys. Rev. B 33, 2256 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. G. Binnig, K.H. Frank, H. Fuchs, N. Garcia, B. Reihl, H. Rohrer, F. Salvan, A.R. Williams: Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 991 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. A. Goldmann, M. Donath, W. Altmann, V. Dose: Phys. Rev. B 32, 837 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. K. Giesen, F. Hage, F.J. Himpsel, H.J. Riess, W. Steinmann: Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 300 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. P.D. Johnson, N.V. Smith: Phys. Rev. B 27, 2527 (1983)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. B. Reihl, K.H. Frank: Phys. Rev. B 32, 8282 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  72. P.O. Gartland: Phys. Norv. 6, 201 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  73. S.L. Hulbert, P.D. Johnson, N.G. Stoffel, W.A. Royer, N.V. Smith: Phys. Rev. B 31, 6815 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. G.B. Baker, B.B. Johnson, G.L.C. Maire: Surf. Sci. 24, 572 (1971)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. W. Altmann, M. Donath, V. Dose, A. Goldmann: Solid State Commun. 53, 209 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. D.A. Wesner, P.D. Johnson, N.V. Smith: Phys. Rev. B 30, 503 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. H. Scheidt, M. Glöbl, V. Dose, J. Kirschner: Phys. Rev. Lett. 51, 1688 (1983)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. F.J. Himpsel: Adv. Phys. 32, 1 (1983)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. E.W. Plummer, W. Eberhardt: Advances in Chemical Physics 49, 533 (1982)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. R. Courths, S. Hüfner: Phys. Rep. 112, 53 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. D.P. Woodruff, N.V. Smith, P.D. Johnson, W.A. Royer: Phys. Rev. B 26, 2943 (1982)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. G. Thörner, G. Borstel: Solid State Commun. 47, 329 (1983)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. G. Thörner, G. Borstel: Solid State Commun. 49, 997 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  84. S. Ishi, I. Ohno, B. Viswanathan: Surf. Sci. 161, 349 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. J.C. Tracy, P.W. Paimberg: J. Chem. Phys. 51, 4852 (1969)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. H. Conrad, G. Ertl, J. Koch, E.E. Latta: Surface Sci. 43, 462 (1974)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. H. Conrad, G. Ertl, J. Küppers, E.E. Latta: Surf. Sci. 65, 235 (1977)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. D.W. Turner, A.D. Baker, C. Baker, C.R. Brundle: Molecular Photoelectron Spectroscopy (Wiley Interscience, New York 1970)

    Google Scholar 

  89. I.P. Batra, C.R. Brundle: Surf. Sci. 57, 12 (1976)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. G. Blyholder: J. Phys. Chem. 68, 2772 (1964)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. G. Blyholder: J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 11, 865 (1975)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  92. B. Gumhalter, K. Wandelt, Ph. Avouris: Phys. Rev. B 37, 8048 (1988)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. J.P. Muncat, D.M. Newns: Prog. Surf. Sci. 9, 1 (1978)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  94. Ph. Avouris, P.S. Bagus, C.J. Nelin: J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 38, 269 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. R. Hoffmann: Rev. Mod. Phys. 60, 601 (1988)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. P.S. Bagus, C.J. Nelin, S.W. Bauschlicher: J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 2, 905 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. J.K. Norskov, S. Holloway, N.D. Lang: Surf. Sci. 137, 65 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  98. P.S. Bagus, K. Hermann, Ph. Avouris, A.R. Rossi, K.C. Prince: Chem. Phys. Lett. 118, 311 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. J. Rogozik, V. Dose, K.C. Prince, A.M. Bradshaw, P.S. Bagus, K. Hermann, Ph. Avouris: Phys. Rev. B 32, 4296 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. J. Rogozik, J. Küppers, V. Dose: Surf. Sci. 148, L653 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. H. Conrad, G. Ertl, J. Küppers, W. Sesselmann, H. Haberland: Surf. Sci. 121, 161 (1982)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. T.N. Rhodin, J.W. Gadzuk: In The Nature of the Surface Chemical Bond, ed. by T.N. Rhodin, G. Ertl (North-Holland, Amsterdam 1979)

    Google Scholar 

  103. W.F. Egelhoff: In The Chemical Physics of Solid Surfaces and Heterogeneous Catalysis, ed. by D.A. King, D.P. Woodruff (Elsevier, Amsterdam 1982)

    Google Scholar 

  104. P.D. Johnson, S.L. Hulbert: Phys. Rev. B 35, 9427 (1987)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. D.E. Peebles, E.L. Hardegree, J.M. White: Surf. Sci. 148, 635 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. F.J. Himpsel, Th. Fauster: Phys. Rev. Lett. 49, 1583 (1982)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. J. Rogozik, H. Scheidt, V. Dose, K.C. Prince, A.M. Bradshaw: Surf. Sci. 145, L481 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. K. Horn, K.H. Frank, J.A. Wilder, B. Reihl: Phys. Rev. Let. 57, 1064 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. K. Wandelt, W. Jakob, N. Memmel, V. Dose: Phys. Rev. Lett. 57, 1643 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. M. Kishinova, G. Pirug, H.P. Bonzel: Surf. Sci. 133, 321 (1983)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  111. H.P. Bonzel: J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 2, 866 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. V. Dose: Surf. Sci. Rep. 5, 337 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  113. E.L. Garfunkel, J.E. Crowell, G.A. Somorjai: J. Phys. Chem. 86, 310 (1982)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. N. Memmel, G. Rangelov, E. Bertel, V. Dose, K. Kometer, N. Rösch: Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 1884(1989)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fachbereich Physik, Universität des Saarlandes, D-66041, Saarbrücken, Germany

    Professor Dr. Stefan Hüfner

Authors
  1. Professor Dr. Stefan Hüfner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1996 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hüfner, S. (1996). Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy. In: Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences, vol 82. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03209-1_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03209-1_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-03211-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-03209-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation