Abstract
It is well known that ionized atoma cannot be both very negative and stable, The maximum negative ionization is only one or two electrons, even tor the largest atoms. The reason for this phenomenon is examined critically and it is shown that electrostatic considerations and the uncertainty principle cannot account for it. The exclusion principle plays a crucial role. This is shown by proving that when Fermi statistics is ignored, then the degree of negative ionization is at least of order z, the nuclear charge, when z is large.
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© 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Benguria, R., Lieb, E.H. (1991). Proof of the Stability of Highly Negative Ions in the Absence of the Pauli Principle. In: Thirring, W. (eds) The Stability of Matter: From Atoms to Stars. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02725-7_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02725-7_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
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