Abstract
Benzene was discovered by Faraday in 1825 in compressed oil-gas, but it was not until 1848 that A. W. Hofmann and Mansfield were able to obtain large quantities of it from coal-tar. Just as in the manufacture of coke from coal, it is also formed during numerous other pyrogenic processes, such as for example the destructive distillation of lignite-tar or of petroleum. Of theoretical importance are the formation of benzene by pyrolysis of acetylene according to Berthelot, and the benzene synthesis from pimelic acid by Willstiitter and Hatt.1 Where small quantities of very pure benzene are required even today, the method of choice is that discovered by Mitscherlich in 1833, consisting in the distillation of benzoic acid with lime.
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Clar, E. (1964). Benzene. In: Polycyclic Hydrocarbons. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-01665-7_20
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