Skip to main content

Continental Margin of Western South America

  • Chapter
Book cover The Geology of Continental Margins

Abstract

The continental margin of the west coast of South America marks the seismically active, tectonic boundary between the converging Nasca and South American plates. The Peru-Chile Trench is the dominant morphologic element of the margin and persists as a structural feature from the coast of western Colombia to Tierra del Fuego, at the southern tip of South America. Variations in the trench morphology, sediment distribution, volcanism and orogenesis in the Andes, and the seismicity are interpeted to be the likely consequence of variations in the rate and direction of plate convergence and the effectiveness of geologic boundary conditions within the continental lithosphere. Some outstanding problems are cited also.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Bibliography

  • Aldrich, L. T., Tatel, H. E., Tuve, M. A., and Wetherill, G. W., 1958, The earth’s crust: Carnegie Inst. Wash. Yearbook, v. 57, p. 104–111.

    Google Scholar 

  • Allen, C. R., 1965, Transcurrent faults in continental areas: Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, v. 258, p. 82–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Atwater, T., 1970, Implications of plate tectonics for the Cenozoic tectonic evolution of western North America: Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 81, p. 3513–3536.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barker, P. F., 1970, Plate tectonics in the Scotia Sea region: Nature, v. 228, p. 1293–1296.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benioff, H., 1954, Orogenesis and deep crustal structure-additional evidence from seismology: Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 65, p. 385–400.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Casertano, L., 1963, Catalogue of the active volcanoes of the world including Solfatara Fields, pt. XV: Rome, Internati. Assoc. Volcanology, 55 p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dalziel, I. W. D., and Elliot, D. H., 1973, The Scotia arc and Antarctic margin, in Nairn, A. E. M., and Stehli, F. G., eds., The ocean basins and margins, v. 1: New York, Plenum, p. 171–246.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fisher, R. L., and Raitt, R. W., 1962, Topography and structure of the Peru-Chile Trench: Deep-Sea Research, v. 9, p. 423–443.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forsyth, D., and Chapman, E., 1974, Focal Mechanisms in the South Atlantic and Scotia Sea (abstr): Am. Geophys. Union Trans., v. 55, no. 4, p. 446.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grow, J. A., and Bowin, C. O., 1974, Evidence for high density mantle beneath the Chile Trench due to the descending lithosphere: Jour. Geophys. Res., in press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hantke, G., and Parodi, I. A., 1966, Catalogue of the active volcanoes of the world including Solfatara Fields, pt. XIX: Rome, Internatl. Assoc. Volcanology, 73 p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayes, D. E., 1966, A geophysical investigation of the Peru-Chile Trench: Marine Geology, v. 4, p. 309–351.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayes, D. E. and Ewing, M., 1970, Pacific boundary structure, in Maxwell, A., ed., The sea, v. 4: New York, Wiley, p. 29–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayes, D. E., and Talwani, M., 1972, A geophysical study of Macquarie-Ridge-Complex, in Hayes, D. E., ed., Antarctic oceanology: II. The Australian-New Zealand sector: Washington, D.C., Am. Geophys. Union, Antarctic Res. Ser., v. 19, p. 211–234.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayes, D. E., Talwani, M., Houtz, R., Pitman, W. C. III, and Meijer, R. R. II, 1972, Preliminary report of volume 22, U.S.N.S. ELTANIN, in Ewing, M., ed., Lamont-Doherty survey of the World Ocean: Tech. Rept. CU-1–72, 232 p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heezen, B. C., Tharp, M., and Ewing, M., 1959, The floor of the oceans: I. The North Atlantic: Geol. Soc. America Spec. Paper 65, 122 p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herron, E. M., 1971, Crustal plates and sea floor spreading in the southeastern Pacific, in Reid, J. L., ed., Antarctic oceanology I: Washington, D.C., Am. Geophys Union, Antarctic Res. Ser., v. 15, p. 229–237.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herron, E. M.,1972a, Sea-floor spreading and the Cenozoic history of the east-central Pacific: Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 83, p. 1671–1692.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herron, E. M., 1972b, Two small crustal plates in the South Pacific near Easter Island: Nature Phys. Sci., v. 240, p. 35–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herron, E. M.,, and Hayes, D. E., 1969, A geophysical study of Chile Ridge: Earth and Planetary Sci. Letters, v. 6, p. 77–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herron, E. M., and Heirtzler, J. R., 1967, Sea-floor spreading near the Galapagos: Science, v. 158, p. 775–780.

    Google Scholar 

  • Houtz, R., Ewing, M., Hayes, D., and Naini, B., 1973, Sediment isopachs in the Indian and Pacific ocean sectors (195°E to 70°W): New York, Am. Geogr. Soc., ntarctic Map Folio Ser., Folio 17, p. 9–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • International Upper Mantle Project Scientific Report 1970, Planning seminar on the Andean geophysical program and geologic and geophysic related problems: Conf. on Solid Earth Problems, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Oct. 26–31, Rept. 37-I, v. 1, 232 p.

    Google Scholar 

  • James, D. E., 1971, Andean crustal and upper mantle structure: Jour. Geophys. Res., v. 76, p. 3246–3271.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Julivert, M., 1973, Les traits structuraux et revolution des Andes Colombiennes: Rev. Geogr. Phys. et Geol. Dynamique, v. XV, p. 143–156.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karig, D., 1974, Tectonic erosion at trenches: Earth and Planetary Sci. Letters, v. 21, p. 209–212.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katz, H. R., 1971, Continental margin in Chile-is tectonic style compressional or extensional?: Am. Assoc. Petr. Geol. Bull., v. 55, p. 1753–1758.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kulm, L. D., Resig, J. M., Moore, T. C., Jr., and Rosato, V. J., 1974, Transfer of Nazca Ridge pelagic sediments to the Peru continental margin: Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 85, p. 769–780.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lister, C. R. B., 1971, Tectonic movement in the Chile Trench: Science, v. 173, p. 719–722.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mammerickx, J., Smith, S. M., Taylor, I. L., and Chase, T. E., 1974, Bathymetry of the South Pacific: Scripps Inst. Oceanography, IMR Tech. Rept. 48A, 52A, 53A, 54A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Myers, J. S., 1974, Cretaceous stratigraphy and structure, western Andes of Peru between latitudes 10°-10°30’: Am. Assoc. Petr. Geol. Bull., v. 58, p. 474–487.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nazca Plate Project Progress Report, 1973, Appendix A: Joint Proj. Hawaii Inst. Phys. and Oregon State Univ., Program Internatl. Decade Ocean Expl., 128 p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Noble, D. C., McKee, E. H., Farrar, E., and Petersen, U., 1974, Episodic Cenozoic volcanism and tectonism in the Andes of Peru: Earth and Planetary Sci. Letters, v. 21, p. 213–220.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ocola, L. C., Meyer, R. P., and Aldrich, L. T., 1971, Gross crustal structure under Peru-Bolivia altiplano: Earthquake Notes, v. XLII, no. 3–4, p. 338–48.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raff, A. D., 1968, Sea-floor spreading: another rift: Jour. Geophys. Res, v. 73, p. 3699–3706.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sass, J. H., Munroe, R. J., and Moses, T. H., Jr., 1974, Heat flow from eastern Panama and northwestern Colombia: Earth and Planetary Sci. Letters, v. 21, p. 134–142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scholl, D. W., von Huene, R., and Ridlon, J. B., 1968, Spreading of the ocean floor: undeformed sediments in the Peru-Chile Trench: Science, v. 159, p. 869–871.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scholl, D. W., von Huene, R., and Ridlon, J. B., Christensen, M. N., von Huene, R., and Marlow, M. S., 1970, Peru-Chile Trench sediments and sea-floor spreading: Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 81, p. 1339–1360.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sillitoe, R. H., 1972, A Plate Tectonic Model for the Origin of Porphyry Copper Deposits, Economic Geology, v. 67, pp. 184–197.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stauder, W., 1973, Mechanism and spatial distribution of Chilean earthquakes with relation to subduction of the oceanic plate: Jour. Geophys. Res., v. 78, p. 5033–5061.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sykes, L. R., and Hayes, D., 1971, Seismicity and tectonics of South America and adjacent oceanic areas (abstr.): Geol. Soc. America, v. 3, p. 206.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vergara, M., and Munizaga, F., 1974, Age and evolution of the Upper Cenozoic andesitic volcanism in central-south Chile: Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 85, p. 603–606.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Watts, A., and Taiwan, M., 1974, Gravity anomalies seaward of deep sea trenches: Geophys. Jour., v. 36, p. 57–90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wuenschel, P. C., 1952, Gravity measurements and their interpretation in South America between latitudes 15° and 33° south [thesis]: Columbia Univ., New York, 191 p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeigler, J. M., Athearn, N. D., and Small, H., 1957, Profiles across the Peru-Chile Trench: Deep-Sea Res., v. 4, p. 238–249.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1974 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hayes, D.E. (1974). Continental Margin of Western South America. In: Burk, C.A., Drake, C.L. (eds) The Geology of Continental Margins. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-01141-6_41

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-01141-6_41

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-01143-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-01141-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics