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Protection Against Hypertensive Cardiovascular Damage by Dihydropyridine Calcium Antagonists

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Cellular Aspects of Hypertension

Abstract

It is commonly acknowledged that calcium antagonists inhibit transmembrane calcium influx in arteriolar smooth muscle cells and thus reduce total peripheral resistance. This mechanism of action is supposed to be the prime basis of the antihypertensive action of these agents. However, despite their action as arteriolar vasodilators, therapeutically, calcium antagonists differ from vasodilators with other mechanisms of action (e.g., hydralazine or minoxidil) in having a marked natriuretic and diuretic action [6,8,17] and have been shown to preserve structure and function of heart, kidney, and mesenteric arterioles of hypertensive rats [2–4,10,13,18,24–26]. Therefore, tissue-protective effects of dihydropyridine calcium antagonists which might be unrelated to their hemodynamic actions, might add significantly to their long-term therapeutic efficacy in hypertension. We investigated the antihypertensive and tissue-protective effects of dihydropyridine calcium antagonists in long-term experiments: (1) nisoldipine in salt-loaded Dahl S and R rats in a preventive and therapeutic experiment, (2) nitrendipine in spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar-Kyoto rats in comparison to a classical vasodilator, and (3) nimodipine in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats in comparison to parathyroidectomy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bayer AG, Pharma Reserch Centre, PO Box 10 17 09, W-5600, Wuppertal 1, Germany

    J. P. Stasch, S. Kazda, G. Luckhaus, A. Knorr, B. Garthoff & C. Hirth-Dietrich

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  1. J. P. Stasch
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  2. S. Kazda
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  3. G. Luckhaus
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  4. A. Knorr
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  5. B. Garthoff
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  6. C. Hirth-Dietrich
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Istituto di Clinica Medica e Nefrologia, Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Parma, Via A. Gramsci, 14, I-43100, Parma, Italy

    Giacomo Bruschi  & Alberico Borghetti  & 

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© 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin • Heidelberg

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Stasch, J.P., Kazda, S., Luckhaus, G., Knorr, A., Garthoff, B., Hirth-Dietrich, C. (1991). Protection Against Hypertensive Cardiovascular Damage by Dihydropyridine Calcium Antagonists. In: Bruschi, G., Borghetti, A. (eds) Cellular Aspects of Hypertension. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-00983-3_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-00983-3_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-00985-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-00983-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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