Skip to main content

Die Motivationsaufgabe – die Steuerung der Leistung des Personals

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Management von Dienstleistungsprozessen

Zusammenfassung

Die Motivationsaufgabe dient der Harmonisierung von Unternehmens- und Mitarbeiterzielen. Dabei sind Anstrengung, Leistung und Mitarbeiterzufriedenheit die Zielgrößen, die vom Anbieter durch entsprechende Maßnahmen gefördert werden. Im Folgenden werden Maßnahmen zur Unterstützung bei der Emotionsregulierung, der Rollenwahrnehmung und der Behebung von Rollenkonflikten der Kundenkontaktmitarbeiter behandelt. Darüber hinaus werden ausgewählte Qualifikationsmaßnahmen sowie Grundlagen der Personalentlohnung und Personalführung vorgestellt, um Anstrengung, Leistung und Mitarbeiterzufriedenheit zu fördern.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Literatur

  • Agnihotri R, Rapp AA, Andzulis JM, Gabler CB (2014) Examining the drivers and performance implications of boundary spanner creativity. J Serv Res 17:164–181

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arrow KJ (1985) The economics of agency. In: Pratt JW, Zeckhauser RJ (Hrsg) Principals and agents. The structure of business. Harvard Business School Press, Boston, S 37–51

    Google Scholar 

  • Arroyo-López PE, Cárcamo-Solís ML, Álvarez-Castañón L, Guzmán-López A (2017) Impact of training on improving service quality in small provincial restaurants. J Foodserv Bus Res 20:1–14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ashforth BE, Humphrey RH (1993) Emotional labor in service roles: the influence of identity. Acad Manag Rev 18:88–115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Avolio BJ, Waldman DA, Yammarino FJ (1991) Leading in the 1990s: the four I’s of transformational leadership. J Eur Ind Train 15:9–16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bakker AB, Demerouti E (2017) Job demands-resources theory: taking stock and looking forward. J Occup Health Psychol 22:273–285

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bakker AB, Demerouti E, De Boer E, Schaufeli WB (2003) Job demands and job resources as predictors of absence duration and frequency. J Vocat Behav 62:341–356

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bardzil P, Slaski M (2003) Emotional intelligence: fundamental competencies for enhanced service provision. Manag Serv Qual Int J 13:97–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bass BM (1985) Leadership and performance beyond expectations. Free Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Bass BM (1998) Transformational leadership. Industrial, military, and educational impact. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah

    Google Scholar 

  • Bass BM, Avolio BJ (1990) Transformational leadership development: manual for the multifactor leadership questionnaire. Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto

    Google Scholar 

  • Basu AK, Lal R, Srinivasan V, Staelin R (1985) Salesforce compensation plans: an agency theoretic perspective. Mark Sci 4:267–291

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berthel J, Becker FG (2017) Personal-Management. Grundzüge für Konzeptionen betrieblicher Personalarbeit, 11., vollst. überarb. Aufl. Schäffer-Poeschel, Stuttgart

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Bettencourt LA, Brown SW (1997) Contact employees: relationships among workplace fairness, job satisfaction and prosocial service behaviors. J Retail 73:39–61

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowen DE (2021) A human experience (HX) perspective on emotional labor and service: building a service climate on a foundation of authenticity and justice. J Serv Manag Res 5:229–240

    Google Scholar 

  • Cavazotte F, Moreno V, Lasmar LCC (2020) Enabling customer satisfaction in call center teams: the role of transformational leadership in the service-profit chain. Serv Ind J 40:380–393

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chenet P, Tynan C, Money A (2000) The service performance gap: testing the redeveloped causal model. Eur J Mark 34:472–497

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chi N-W, Chen P-C (2019) Relationship matters: how relational factors moderate the effects of emotional labor on long-term customer outcomes. J Bus Res 95:277–291

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chi N-W, Grandey AA, Diamond JA, Krimmel KR (2011) Want a tip? Service performance as a function of emotion regulation and extraversion. J Appl Psychol 96:1337–1346

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chuang A, Judge TA, Liaw YJ (2012) Transformational leadership and customer service: a moderated mediation model of negative affectivity and emotion regulation. Eur J Work Organ Psy 21:28–56

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davis JH, Schoorman FD, Donaldson L (1997) Toward a stewardship theory of management. Acad Manag Rev 22:20–47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Delcourt C, Gremler DD, van Riel ACR, van Birgelen MJH (2016) Employee emotional competence. J Serv Res 19:72–87

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Digman JM (1990) Personality structure: emergence of the five-factor model. Annu Rev Psychol 41:417–440

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Döring S (2017) Personalmanagement aus Perspektive der Dienstleistungsforschung. Springer Fachmedien, Wiesbaden

    Google Scholar 

  • Fließ S (2009) Dienstleistungsmanagement. Kundenintegration gestalten und steuern. Gabler, Wiesbaden

    Google Scholar 

  • Gong T, Park J, Hyun H (2020) Customer response toward employees’ emotional labor in service industry settings. J Retail Consum Serv 52:101899

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gountas S, Ewing MT, Gountas JI (2007) Testing airline passengers’ responses to flight attendants’ expressive displays: the effects of positive affect. J Bus Res 60:81–83

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grandey AA (2000) Emotional regulation in the workplace: a new way to conceptualize emotional labor. J Occup Health Psychol 5:95–110

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grandey AA, Melloy RC (2017) The state of the heart: emotional labor as emotion regulation reviewed and revised. J Occup Health Psychol 22:407–422

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hannah ST, Thompson RL, Herbst KC (2020) Moral identity complexity: situated morality within and across work and social roles. J Manag 46:726–757

    Google Scholar 

  • Hobfoll SE (1989) Conservation of resources: a new attempt at conceptualizing stress. Am Psychol 44:513–524

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hochschild AR (1990) Das gekaufte Herz. Zur Kommerzialisierung der Gefühle. Campus, Frankfurt am Main/New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Holtbrügge D (2018) Personalmanagement, 7., überarb. und erw. Aufl. Springer Gabler, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Homans GC (1972) Elementarformen sozialen Verhaltens. Social behavior, its elementary forms, 2. Aufl. Westdeutscher Verlag, Opladen

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Hong Y, Liao H, Chuang A, Liaw Y-J (2021) The role of leadership on emotion regulation, service delivery, and health: a multi-level study. J Serv Manag Res 5:256–269

    Google Scholar 

  • Hu H-H, Hu H-Y, King B (2017) Impacts of misbehaving air passengers on frontline employees: role stress and emotional labor. Int J Contemp Hosp Manag 29:1793–1813

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang M-H, Cheng Z-H (2012) The effects of inter-role conflicts on turnover intention among frontline service providers: does gender matter? Serv Ind J 32:367–381

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hülsheger UR, Schewe AF (2011) On the costs and benefits of emotional labor: a meta-analysis of three decades of research. J Occup Health Psychol 16:361–389

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hülsheger UR, Lang JWB, Schewe AF, Zijlstra FRH (2015) When regulating emotions at work pays off: a diary and an intervention study on emotion regulation and customer tips in service jobs. J Appl Psychol 100:263–277

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Humphrey RH, Ashforth BE, Diefendorff JM (2015) The bright side of emotional labor. J Organ Behav 36:749–769

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hur W-M, Moon TW, Jung YS (2015) Customer response to employee emotional labor: the structural relationship between emotional labor, job satisfaction, and customer satisfaction. J Serv Mark 29:71–80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hur W-M, Shin Y, Moon TW (2022) Linking motivation, emotional labor, and service performance from a self-determination perspective. J Serv Res 25:227–241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jensen MC, Meckling WH (1976) Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. J Financ Econ 3:305–360

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • John G, Weitz B (1989) Salesforce compensation: an empirical investigation of factors related to use of salary versus incentive compensation. J Mark Res 26:1–14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • John G, Weitz B, Weiss AM (1987) An organizational coordination model of salesforce compensation plans: theoretical analysis and empirical test. J Law Econ Organ 3:373–395

    Google Scholar 

  • Joseph DL, Newman DA (2010) Emotional intelligence: an integrative meta-analysis and cascading model. J Appl Psychol 95:54–78

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jost P-J (2014) The economics of motivation and organization. An introduction. Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Karatepe OM, Ozturk A, Kim TT (2019) Servant leadership, organisational trust, and bank employee outcomes. Serv Ind J 39:86–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Katz D, Kahn RL (1978) The social psychology of organizations, 2. Aufl. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim T, Jung-Eun Yoo J, Lee G, Kim J (2012) Emotional intelligence and emotional labor acting strategies among frontline hotel employees. Int J Contemp Hosp Manag 24:1029–1046

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krafft M (1995) Ein empirischer Test von Hypothesen der Prinzipal-Agenten-Theorie und der Transaktionskostenanalyse zum Festgehaltsanteil von Reisenden. Z Betriebswirtsch Forsch 35:245–267

    Google Scholar 

  • Kroeber-Riel W, Gröppel-Klein A (2019) Konsumentenverhalten, 11., vollst. überarb., akt. u. erg. Aufl. Franz Vahlen, München

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuss A, Tomczak T (2007) Käuferverhalten. Eine marketingorientierte Einführung, 4., überarb. Aufl. Lucius und Lucius/UTB, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee L, Madera JM (2019a) A systematic literature review of emotional labor research from the hospitality and tourism literature. Int J Contemp Hosp Manag 31:2808–2826

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee L, Madera JM (2019b) Faking it or feeling it. Int J Contemp Hosp Manag 31:1744–1762

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liaw Y-J, Chi N-W, Chuang A (2010) Examining the mechanisms linking transformational leadership, employee customer orientation, and service performance: the mediating roles of perceived supervisor and coworker support. J Bus Psychol 25:477–492

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lings IN, Greenley GE (2010) Internal market orientation and market-oriented behaviours. J Serv Manag 21:321–343

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lippold D (2021) Personalführung im digitalen Wandel. Von den klassischen Führungsansätzen zu den New-Work-Konzepten. De Gruyter, Berlin

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Liu X-Y, Chi N-W, Gremler DD (2019) Emotion cycles in services: emotional contagion and emotional labor effects. J Serv Res 22:285–300

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lounsbury JW, Foster N, Carmody PC, Young Kim J, Gibson LW, Drost AW (2012) Key personality traits and career satisfaction of customer service workers. Manag Serv Qual Int J 22:517–536

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luo A, Guchait P, Lee L, Madera JM (2019) Transformational leadership and service recovery performance: the mediating effect of emotional labor and the influence of culture. Int J Hosp Manag 77:31–39

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luria G, Yagil D, Gal I (2014) Quality and productivity: role conflict in the service context. Serv Ind J 34:955–973

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maslach C, Jackson SE (1981) The measurement of experienced burnout. J Organ Behav 2:99–113

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maslach C, Leiter MP (2008) Early predictors of job burnout and engagement. J Appl Psychol 93:498–512

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maslach C, Zimbardo PG (1982) Burnout, the cost of caring. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs

    Google Scholar 

  • Matute J, Palau-Saumell R, Viglia G (2018) Beyond chemistry: the role of employee emotional competence in personalized services. J Serv Mark 32:346–359

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Medler-Liraz H, Seger-Guttmann T (2015) The relationship between emotional labor strategies, service provider hostility, and service quality. Serv Mark Q 36:210–225

    Google Scholar 

  • Moliner C, Martínez-Tur V, Ramos J, Peiró JM, Cropanzano R (2008) Organizational justice and extrarole customer service: the mediating role of well-being at work. Eur J Work Organ Psy 17:327–348

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moreo A, Woods R, Sammons G, Bergman C (2019) Connection or competence: emotional labor and service quality’s impact on satisfaction and loyalty. Int J Contemp Hosp Manag 31:330–348

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morris JA, Feldman DC (1996) The dimensions, antecedents, and consequences of emotional labor. Acad Manag Rev 21:986–1010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mount MK, Barrick MR (1998) Five reasons why the “big five” article has been frequently cited: the big five personality dimensions and job performance: a meta-analysis. Pers Psychol 51:849–857

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nerdinger FW (2011) Psychologie der Dienstleistung. Hogrefe, Göttingen

    Google Scholar 

  • Nerdinger FW, Pundt A (2018) Leadership of service employees – a narrative review. J Serv Manag Res 2:3–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Noch R (1995) Dienstleistungen im Investitionsgüter-Marketing. Strategien und Umsetzung. FGM Verlag, München

    Google Scholar 

  • Oechsler WA, Paul C (2018) Personal und Arbeit. Einführung in das Personalmanagement, 11. Aufl. De Gruyter, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Olesch G (2020) Personalstrategie als Erfolgstreiber. In: Wagner D (Hrsg) Praxishandbuch Personalmanagement, 2. Aufl. Haufe-Lexware GmbH & Co. KG, Freiburg im Breisgau/München, S 63–96

    Google Scholar 

  • Olfert K (2012) Personalwirtschaft, 15., verb. und erw. Aufl. Kiehl, Herne

    Google Scholar 

  • Porter LW, Lawler EE III (1968) Managerial attitudes and performance. Richard D. Irwin Inc, Homewood

    Google Scholar 

  • Prentice C, King B (2011) The influence of emotional intelligence on the service performance of casino frontline employees. Tour Hosp Res 11:49–66

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rank J, Carsten JM, Unger JM, Spector PE (2007) Proactive customer service performance: relationships with individual, task, and leadership variables. Hum Perform 20:363–390

    Google Scholar 

  • Raub S, Liao H (2012) Doing the right thing without being told: joint effects of initiative climate and general self-efficacy on employee proactive customer service performance. J Appl Psychol 97:651–667

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salgado JF, Táuriz G (2014) The five-factor model, forced-choice personality inventories and performance: a comprehensive meta-analysis of academic and occupational validity studies. Eur J Work Organ Psy 23:3–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sawyerr OO, Srinivas S, Wang S (2009) Call center employee personality factors and service performance. J Serv Mark 23:301–317

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schepers JJL, van der Borgh M (2020) A meta-analysis of frontline employees’ role behavior and the moderating effects of national culture. J Serv Res 23:255–280

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scherm E, Süß S (2016) Personalmanagement. Franz Vahlen, München

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Schyns B, Schilling J (2013) How bad are the effects of bad leaders? A meta-analysis of destructive leadership and its outcomes. Leadersh Q 24:138–158

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seger-Guttmann T, Medler-Liraz H (2016) Does emotional labor moderate customer participation and buying? Serv Ind J 36:356–373

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seger-Guttmann T, Medler-Liraz H (2020) Does emotional labor color service actions in customer buying? J Serv Mark 34:683–696

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shamir B (1980) Between service and servility: role conflict in subordinate service roles. Hum Relat 33:741–756

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shi Y, Zhang R, Ma C, Wang L (2023) Robot service failure: the double-edged sword effect of emotional labor in service recovery. J Serv Theory Pract 33:72–88

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh J (2000) Performance productivity and quality of frontline employees in service organizations. J Mark 64:15–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sohn H-K, Lee TJ, Yoon Y-S (2016) Emotional labor and burnout: comparison between the countries of Japan and Korea. J Travel Tour Mark 33:597–612

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sok P, Sok KM, Danaher TS, Danaher PJ (2018) The complementarity of frontline service employee creativity and attention to detail in service delivery. J Serv Res 21:365–378

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Staehle WH (2014) Management. Eine verhaltenswissenschaftliche Perspektive, 8. Aufl. Franz Vahlen, München

    Google Scholar 

  • Steiner E, Landes M (2017) Leistungsorientierte Vergütung. Anreizsysteme wirkungsvoll gestalten. Haufe Gruppe, Freiburg/München/Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Stock-Homburg R, Groß M (2019) Personalmanagement. Springer Fachmedien, Wiesbaden

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Thibaut JW, Kelley HH (1959) The social psychology of groups. John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Hoboken

    Google Scholar 

  • Trumpold K, Kern M, Zapf D (2021) Emotion regulation and service-related attitudes: connecting customer orientation and service organization identification with customer interactions. J Serv Manag Res 5:270–286

    Google Scholar 

  • Varca PE (2004) Service skills for service workers: emotional intelligence and beyond. Manag Serv Qual Int J 14:457–467

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walumbwa FO, Hsu I-C, Wu C, Misati E, Christensen-Salem A (2019) Employee service performance and collective turnover: examining the influence of initiating structure leadership, service climate and meaningfulness. Hum Relat 72:1131–1153

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang W, Huang S, Yin H, Ke Z (2018a) Employees’ emotional labor and emotional exhaustion: trust and gender as moderators. Soc Behav Personal Int J 46:733–748

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Y-C, Lang C (2019) Service employee dress: effects on employee-customer interactions and customer-brand relationship at full-service restaurants. J Retail Consum Serv 50:1–9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Z, Xu H, Liu Y (2018b) Servant leadership as a driver of employee service performance: test of a trickle-down model and its boundary conditions. Hum Relat 71:1179–1203

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weibler J (2016) Personalführung. Franz Vahlen, München

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Weiss HM, Cropanzano R (1996) Affective events theory: a theoretical discussion of the structure, cause and consequences of affective experiences at work. Res Organ Behav 18:1–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Weißenrieder J (2019) Die Elemente nachhaltiger Vergütungssysteme. In: Weißenrieder J (Hrsg) Nachhaltiges Leistungs- und Vergütungsmanagement. Springer Fachmedien, Wiesbaden, S 25–153

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Wirtz J, Jerger C (2016) Managing service employees: literature review, expert opinions, and research directions. Serv Ind J 36:757–788

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang C, Chen Y, Zhao X, Hua N (2020) Transformational leadership, proactive personality and service performance. Int J Contemp Hosp Manag 32:267–287

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhan Y, Wang M, Shi J (2016) Interpersonal process of emotional labor: the role of negative and positive customer treatment. Pers Psychol 69:525–557

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Y, Zheng Y, Zhang L, Xu S, Liu X, Chen W (2021) A meta-analytic review of the consequences of servant leadership: the moderating roles of cultural factors. Asia Pac J Manag 38:371–400

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao X, Mattila AS, Ngan NN (2014) The impact of frontline employees’ work-family conflict on customer satisfaction. Cornell Hosp Q 55:422–432

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2024 Der/die Autor(en), exklusiv lizenziert an Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Fließ, S., Dyck, S., Volkers, M. (2024). Die Motivationsaufgabe – die Steuerung der Leistung des Personals. In: Management von Dienstleistungsprozessen. Springer Gabler, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-44147-0_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-44147-0_14

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer Gabler, Wiesbaden

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-658-44146-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-658-44147-0

  • eBook Packages: Business and Economics (German Language)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics