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Human Centered Design – Ein effektives Mittel gegen „Wickedness“ und „Pilotitis“ komplexer Digitalisierungsprojekte?

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Zusammenfassung

Die Potenziale eines digitalisierten Gesundheitssystems sind offenkundig. Von unnötigen Doppeluntersuchungen bis hin zur mangelnden Früherkennung – in kaum einem Sektor warten so viele Problemstellungen auf eine digitale Lösung. Gleichzeitig sind die erhofften Effekte kein Selbstläufer und Berichte über gescheiterte Digitalisierungsprojekte und über negative Effekte häufen sich. Dies gilt insbesondere für komplexe Vorhaben, die aus diesem Grund auch mit dem Phänomen der „Wickedness“ und der „Pilotitis“ beschrieben werden. Es ist weithin anerkannt, dass der Erfolg solcher Projekte von einer gelungenen Abstimmung menschlicher, technischer und (inter-)organisatorischer Faktoren abhängt. Eine Erkenntnis, die inzwischen auch in zahlreichen Rahmenwerken Eingang gefunden hat (z. B. FITT, NASSS, CeHRes). Obwohl diese eine erste Orientierung bieten, sind sie oftmals zu abstrakt für einen zielführenden Einsatz. Dieser Beitrag argumentiert, dass Human Centered Design (HCD) eine Brücke zwischen Erkenntnis und Umsetzung schlagen kann und somit eine vielversprechende Unterstützung für IT-Verantwortliche darstellt. Neben Merkmalen und Methoden werden auch Herausforderungen und Perspektiven von HCD aufgezeigt.

„[Wicket Problems are a] class of social system problems which are ill-formulated, where the information is confusing, where there are many clients and decision makers with conflicting values, and where the ramifications in the whole system are thoroughly confusing“

(Rittel, 1972, zitiert nach Buchanan, 1992, S. 15).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hochschule Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Deutschland

    Jan-David Liebe

  2. Deutsche Krankenhausgesellschaft e.V., Berlin, Deutschland

    Moritz Esdar

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  1. Jan-David Liebe
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Correspondence to Jan-David Liebe .

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  1. DMI GmbH & Co. KG, Münster, Deutschland

    Viola Henke

  2. FOM Hochschule für Oekonomie & Management, Essen, Deutschland

    Gregor Hülsken

  3. Asklepios Kliniken GmbH & Co. KGaA, Hamburg, Deutschland

    Henning Schneider

  4. Institut für Medizinische Informatik, Universität Münster, Münster, Deutschland

    Julian Varghese

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Liebe, JD., Esdar, M. (2024). Human Centered Design – Ein effektives Mittel gegen „Wickedness“ und „Pilotitis“ komplexer Digitalisierungsprojekte?. In: Henke, V., Hülsken, G., Schneider, H., Varghese, J. (eds) Health Data Management. Springer Gabler, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43236-2_57

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