Abstract
The global drive to increase the use of renewable energy requires new approaches for energy storage and transportation to be developed. Blending hydrogen into the existing natural gas pipeline network is one strategy to store surplus electric energy in the form of green hydrogen. This strategy is currently being seriously considered in both the US and Europe.
The INNIO approach is to enable INNIO’s entire Jenbacher product line for power generation to run on pipeline gas – hydrogen mixtures, with the permitted hydrogen content allowed to fluctuate between 0 and 25% vol. The challenges for engine development are as follows: The solution must enable operation with varying hydrogen contents and be applicable to the entire pipeline gas product program. Engine parameters like NOx, peak firing pressure, power control reserve, combustion knock margin, and turbocharger surge margin must stay within defined limits. Critical events like mega knock at high BMEP (engine damage) and autoignition during fault ride though events (grid code non-compliance) must be avoided.
The selected strategy involves the measurement of the hydrogen content in natural gas and the pre-definition of various engine operating parameters. The final concept consists of a hardware/software package that includes additional sensors as well as hydrogen compensation software. Gas train size/version and fuel metering size/version must be checked and adapted to each individual engine if required.
The development project ran over two years and included hydrogen sensor selection and validation, component certification, controls strategy development, and single and multi-cylinder engine testing. The testing was carried out with defined mixtures of natural gas, propane, and hydrogen on various Jenbacher engines from INNIO platforms and included steady-state and transient operation. The final solution is retrofittable.
INNIO’s Jenbacher engines are now ready for hydrogen ad-mixed in the gas pipeline. The applied technical concept offers robust power plant operation at best performance. Any potenzial customer demands with hydrogen in natural gas contents above 25% (up to 100%) also can be handled but will require further engine hardware and software packages affecting pure natural gas operation.
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Leroux, C., Böwing, R., Hochfilzer, B., Zuschnig, A., Behr, M. (2023). Hydrogen in the Gas Network – Challenges and Solutions for High Performance Engines for Power Generation. In: Heintzel, A. (eds) Heavy-Duty-, On- und Off-Highway-Motoren 2022. HDENGI 2022. Proceedings. Springer Vieweg, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-41477-1_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-41477-1_11
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