Abstract
Irreversible processes are believed by many authors to lead to an increase in entropy. Structure formation is generally associated with the formation of ordered states. Entropy should then decrease. Entropy changes in closed and open systems are critically examined in this chapter. Through a rigorous application of the concept of entropy and the concept of thermodynamic equilibrium, an attempt is made to resolve the contradiction between the time symmetry of the Schrödinger equation and irreversibility.
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Notes
- 1.
These states are often called microstates.
- 2.
1966.
- 3.
You can bet for a high stake that this week’s lottery numbers will not be drawn next week, even though all lottery numbers have the same probability. You don’t even have to know the numbers. This week’s lotto draw “prevents”, so to speak, the drawing of these numbers in the future.
- 4.
See also Sect. 7.9 “Consciousness and time”.
- 5.
In practice, the LASER is not detuned, but the resonant frequency of the particles is detuned by a magnetic field.
- 6.
A good description can be found in [74].
- 7.
This is also true for a solid surface, then it would be a matter of sublimation.
- 8.
S hannon Measurement of Information, corresponds to equation (4.6).
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Pagel, L. (2023). Irreversible Processes and Structure Formation. In: Information is Energy. Springer Vieweg, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-40862-6_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-40862-6_6
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