Abstract
According to the current status of the national accounts (German: VGR), construction investments amounted to around 373 billion Euros in 2019, but the gross value added in the Construction Industry only came to 171 billion Euros. This is an indication that other economic sectors also contribute significantly to the creation of construction work. A complete picture of the value creation potential of digital technologies and AI methods in the Construction Industry can only be understood on the basis of these facts and figures.
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Notes
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Federal Statistical Office: National accounts (German: VGR).
- 2.
BMWi: Statistics AI use in German companies 2019, p.20.
- 3.
BMWi: Statistics AI use in German companies 2019, p. 28.
- 4.
Meßner, S. (2021). KI am Bau. Künstliche Intelligenz: was sie kann, was sie bringt. In: Journal Handwerk und Bau. Vol. 5, 2021. See https://www.handwerkundbau.at/bauen/ki-am-bau-anwendungsgebiete-und-herausforderungen-17266.
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Weber-Lewerenz, B. (2021). Ethical Aspects in AI in Construction. Conference Presentation on 14oct2021 at 31st Reser Conference 14-15oct2021 Heilbronn, The Disruptive Role of Data, AI and Ecosystems in Services. Conference Proceedings of the 31st RESER conference. Bernd Bienzeisler, Katrin Peters, Alexander Schletz (eds.). p. 247 et sqq. URN: urn:nbn:de:0011-n-6429286 http://publica.fraunhofer.de/dokumente/N-642928.html.
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AI is enabled and trained through machine learning, deep learning, and social computing.
- 7.
ML is a process in AI: conclusions can be drawn from past data and stored in a suitable structure in order to make decisions for future data.
- 8.
Mendler, Peter (2020 + 2021). Trustworthy Ethical AI – AI Innovation Park. Ministerialrat and Head of Division 31 “Industrial and Technology Policy, Digitization” in the Ministry of Economics, Labor and Housing Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart. In an Interview with the Author as of 17 December 2020 and 07 December 2021.
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Freudenmann, T. (2021). Ethics, digitization and AI in construction. Co-CEO and co-founder in telephone Interviews with the Author as of 08 February 2021 and 01 September 2021.
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„Lean Construction“: Integrated approach for the optimized planning and execution of construction projects, in which the entire life cycle of a building is considered.
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A research project that is funded with EUR 9 million by the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy and runs over a period from 04/2020 to 03/2023.
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With the High-Tech Agenda Bavaria and the High-Tech Agenda Plus, the Free State is investing a total of around 3.5 billion euros in a technology offensive that is unique in Germany. Agenda with four coordinated programs: funding of AI and supertech, restructuring and acceleration program for universities and mobile communications, university reform, SME offensive for the Bavarian economy: support for the digital transformation. The key data: 1,000 new professorships, 13,000 new study places, more than 20 top research centers for the whole country, bringing forward and accelerating regional university initiatives. See https://www.bayern.de/politik/hightech-agenda/.
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Gerbig, S. (2020). Digitization, AI and related ethics in construction at IG BAU. Head of the project office “Digitization in the construction industry”. In a telephone Interview with the Author as of 19 November 2020.
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Krause, D. (2020). Digitization, AI and related ethics in construction at Wayss & Freytag (BAM Group). Head of corporate unit “Digital Construction”. In a telephone Interview with the Author as of 04 November 2020.
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This refers to AI-supported measures to improve the durability of wood through chemical or thermal treatment or through impregnation processes.
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see https://c2c.ngo/.
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The Enquete Commission of the German Bundestag was constituted on September 27, 2018; it consists of 19 members of the Bundestag and 19 expert members.
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Enquête-Commission (2020). Final report “AI social responsibility and economic, social and ecological potential. Print No. 19/23700 as of 28 October 2020. https://dserver.bundestag.de/btd/19/237/1923700.pdf.
- 40.
WBA-Forum, Ethical Leadership in the Digital Era. Podium Discussion as of 23 November 2020.
- 41.
Virtual AI Roadshow USA-Baden-Württemberg-Canada with Prof. Dr. Armin Grunwald, as of 18 November 2020. Public Advisory Board des Cyber Valley, Director of the Institute for Technology Assessment and Systems Analysis Head of Institute, Head of the Office of Technology Assessment at the German Bundestag (TAB), Profession of Philosophy of Technology at the Institute of Philosophy, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology.
- 42.
Weber-Lewerenz, B. (2022). Thinking otherwise: Integrating Existing Buildings and Monument Protection in Smart Cities -Experience shared from user practice, In: Impact of Digital Twins in Smart Cities Development. In: Special Edition by Ingrid Vasilliu-Feltes. IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3833-6.
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Weber-Lewerenz, B. (2022). Technological Dream or Safety Traumata? Fire Protection in Smart Cities-Digitization and AI ensure burning ideas and a New Culture of Thinking in Construction 4.0, In: Impact of Digital Twins in Smart Cities Development. Special Edition by Ingrid Vasilliu-Feltes, Fachjournal IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3833-6https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3833-6
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Braungart, M. and McDonough, W. (2014). Cradle to Cradle: Einfach intelligent produzieren. 7. Edition, Piper Publishing.
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Schneider, B. (2013). 'Stalker economy' here to stay. CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2013/11/20/opinion/schneier-stalker-economy/index.html.
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Weber-Lewerenz, B. (2021). Die unternehmerisch verantwortungsvolle Digitalisierung im Bauwesen. In: Journal Der Bauingenieur Vol. 96, Iss. 01–02, p.19–25. https://doi.org/10.37544/0005-6650-2021-01-02-45.
- 50.
Weber-Lewerenz, B. (2021). Corporate digital responsibility (CDR) in construction engineering - Ethical guidelines for the application of digital transformation and artificial intelligence (AI) in user practice. In: Springer Nature SN Applied Sciences. Vol. 3, 801, Iss. 10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04776-1.
- 51.
Weber-Lewerenz, B. (2022). Technological Dream or Safety Traumata? Fire Protection in Smart Cities-Digitization and AI ensure burning ideas and a New Culture of Thinking in Construction 4.0, In: Impact of Digital Twins in Smart Cities Development. Special Edition by Ingrid Vasilliu-Feltes. IGI Global Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3833-6.
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Bosch (2021a, b). Fire Protection. White Paper by Bosch Energy and Building Solutions. https://media.boschsecurity.com/fs/media/ib/media_1/solutions/Bosch-Whitepaper-Brandschutz_1.pdf.
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Weber-Lewerenz, B.C. (2022). Use Cases—Empirical Values from User Practice. In: Accents of added value in construction 4.0. Springer, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-39407-3_7
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